American journal of preventive medicine
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Fiscal policies can shift relative food prices to encourage the purchase and consumption of minimally processed foods while discouraging the purchase and consumption of unhealthy ultraprocessed foods, high in calories and nutrients of concern (sodium, sugar, and saturated fats), especially for low-income households. ⋯ Levying national taxes on unhealthy ultraprocessed foods/beverages and offering targeted subsidies for minimally processed foods/beverages could promote healthier food choices among low-income households. Such policies have the potential to benefit low-income households financially and at a relatively low cost for the federal government annually.
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Regular participation in aerobic physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of dementia. It is currently unclear whether this association is due to the total volume or intensity of physical activity. ⋯ These results suggest that engaging in VPA as part of MVPA is associated with a lower risk of dementia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Smoking Cessation by Cancer Treatment Status among Cervical Cancer Survivors.
Continued smoking following a cancer diagnosis is associated with poorer cancer treatment outcomes and survival times. Little is known about how cancer treatment status at the time of tobacco treatment enrollment impacts long-term smoking cessation outcomes. Using data from a smoking cessation RCT, this study compared long-term cessation outcomes of women undergoing active treatment for cervical cancer at trial enrollment (n=40) to outcomes of women with a history of cervical cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) who were not undergoing active cancer treatment at enrollment (n=154). ⋯ Further research is necessary to identify and overcome barriers to abstinence among cancer survivors undergoing active treatment.
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Review
Parks, Trails, and Greenways for Physical Activity: A Community Guide Systematic Economic Review.
This systematic economic review examined the cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness of park, trail, and greenway infrastructure interventions to increase physical activity or infrastructure use. ⋯ The evidence shows that economic benefits exceed the intervention cost of park, trail, and greenway infrastructure. Given large differences in the size of infrastructure, intervention costs and economic benefits varied substantially across studies. There was insufficient number of studies to determine the cost-effectiveness of these interventions.