American journal of preventive medicine
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In 2014, the National Cancer Institute conducted the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating Study (FLASHE). This parent and adolescent survey examines psychosocial; generational (parent-adolescent); and environmental (home and neighborhood) correlates of cancer-preventive behaviors, with a particular emphasis on diet and physical activity. This paper describes the FLASHE data collection methods and enrollment and response rates. ⋯ FLASHE recruited a large sample of parent-adolescent dyads. Although challenges for research in parent-adolescent dyads include enrolling a diverse sample and having multistep enrollment and consent processes, study completion rate was high among fully enrolled dyads. Future panel studies may consider approaches used in FLASHE to encourage study enrollment and completion.
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Autonomous motivation (motivation to engage in a behavior because of personal choice, interest, or value) is often associated with health behaviors. The present study contributes to research on motivation and eating behaviors by examining (1) how autonomous motivation is correlated within parent-adolescent dyads and (2) whether parent- and adolescent-reported autonomous motivation predicts the parent-adolescent correlation in fruit and vegetable (FV) intake frequency. ⋯ Parent-adolescent similarity in autonomous motivation for healthy eating may contribute to similarity in eating behaviors. Future research should further examine how individual-level health behavior correlates influence health behaviors within dyads.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
RCT Testing Bystander Effectiveness to Reduce Violence.
Bystander-based programs have shown promise to reduce interpersonal violence at colleges, yet limited rigorous evaluations have addressed bystander intervention effectiveness in high schools. This study evaluated the Green Dot bystander intervention to reduce sexual violence and related forms of interpersonal violence in 26 high schools over 5 years. ⋯ Implementation of Green Dot in Kentucky high schools significantly decreased not only sexual violence perpetration but also other forms of interpersonal violence perpetration and victimization.
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In the U.S., the burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and associated sequelae is substantial. HCV prevalence is highest among those born in 1945-1965 (Birth Cohort). Newly diagnosed infections are increasing in younger people concurrent with rising opioid/heroin use. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012) and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2013) recommend HCV testing for at-risk individuals and one-time testing for the Birth Cohort. This study describes national trends in HCV antibody testing from 2005 to 2014. ⋯ Although the increased HCV antibody testing observed among the Birth Cohort from 2011 to 2014 likely reflects early adoption of updated national testing recommendations, overall testing remains low in this commercially insured population, indicating a clear need for improvement.