American journal of preventive medicine
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Few studies have evaluated the global burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). ⋯ The burden of IHD in AYAs remains high globally, and varies by age, sex, (male/female), region, and country. Targeted measures are needed to address the rising burden of IHD in AYAs, focusing on prevention, early diagnosis, and reduction in disparities.
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The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing throughout the world. T2DM is primarily a self-managed disease yet clinical studies indicate that a large proportion of adults with T2DM struggle to self-manage their diabetes. This puts them at high risk of developing diabetes-related complications. This study presents Diabetes Cam, a new methodology to objectively study T2DM self-management and identify its barriers and facilitators. ⋯ The Diabetes Cam methodology enabled automated, objective observation of participants' T2DM self-management and their perspectives on self-management. It provides unique insights into diabetes self-management and ways to improve diabetes self-management. It provides valuable data to develop strategies to enhance diabetes self-management for people living with diabetes, their families, the wider community, health professionals, and policymakers.
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Social norms play an important role in cannabis use; however, there is little evidence on how social norms change in jurisdictions that legalize cannabis. This study examined trends in social norms before and after legalization of nonmedical cannabis in Canada in 2018. ⋯ Social norms have remained relatively stable after nonmedical legalization in Canada, with only modest increases in comfort of using cannabis in different social settings. The findings may reflect widespread cannabis use in Canada prior to nonmedical legalization in 2018 as well as comprehensive restrictions on promotion and advertising.
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Violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among U.S. youth. More information on the health and economic burden of the most frequent assault mechanisms-or, causes (e.g., firearms, cut/pierce)-can support the development and implementation of effective public health strategies. Using nationally representative data sources, this study estimated the annual health and economic burden of U.S. youth violence by injury mechanism. ⋯ The lethality of assault injuries affecting youth when a weapon is explicitly or likely involved is high-firearms and cut/pierce injuries combined account for nearly all youth homicides compared to one-tenth of nonfatal assault injury ED visits. There are numerous evidence-based policies, programs, and practices to reduce the number of lives lost or negatively impacted by youth violence.