American journal of preventive medicine
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Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a contributor to the increased morbidity and mortality experienced by inner-city African-American children. Limited evidence-based programming exists regarding how to address the negative effects of SHS in this community. ⋯ Exposure to SHS was common for children in this study. These findings, if supported by additional research, can be used to develop and disseminate targeted health messages about childhood SHS sources/negative effects and strategies to reduce exposure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Alcohol risk management in college settings: the safer California universities randomized trial.
Potentially effective environmental strategies have been recommended to reduce heavy alcohol use among college students. However, studies to date on environmental prevention strategies are few in number and have been limited by their nonexperimental designs, inadequate sample sizes, and lack of attention to settings where the majority of heavy drinking events occur. ⋯ Environmental prevention strategies targeting settings where the majority of heavy drinking events occur appear to be effective in reducing the incidence and likelihood of intoxication among college students.
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In December 2009, when the H1N1 influenza pandemic appeared to be subsiding, public health officials and unvaccinated individuals faced the question of whether continued H1N1 immunization was still worthwhile. ⋯ Additional waves in an epidemic can be mitigated by vaccination even when an epidemic appears to be waning.
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No high-quality study to date has shown that screening reduces lung cancer mortality, and expert groups do not recommend screening for asymptomatic individuals. Nevertheless, lung cancer screening tests are available in the U.S., and primary care physicians (PCPs) may have a role in recommending them to patients. ⋯ Many PCPs' lung cancer screening beliefs and recommendations are inconsistent with current evidence and guidelines. Provider education regarding the evidence base and guideline content of lung cancer screening is indicated.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
New moves-preventing weight-related problems in adolescent girls a group-randomized study.
Weight-related problems are prevalent in adolescent girls. ⋯ New Moves provides a model for addressing the broad spectrum of weight-related problems among adolescent girls. Further work is needed to enhance the effectiveness of interventions to improve weight status of youth.