American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Smoking-cessation and adherence intervention among Chinese patients with erectile dysfunction.
Whether the association between smoking and erectile dysfunction is causal is uncertain. No RCTs have been previously conducted on cessation counseling and additional nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) adherence counseling among smokers with erectile dysfunction. ⋯ Although quitting smoking was associated with improvement in erectile dysfunction, this study found significant outcome differences among the means used to achieve smoking cessation.
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Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in the U.S. have halved since 1980. However, CHD remains a leading cause of death. The relative importance of secondary and primary prevention in explaining falls in coronary heart disease mortality is debated. ⋯ Half of the U.S. mortality fall in coronary heart disease between 1980 and 2000 was attributable to risk factor declines, with primary prevention producing substantially larger mortality reductions than secondary.
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Cigarette smoking is common among homeless people, but its characteristics in this vulnerable population have not been studied at a national level. Whether homeless smokers receive advice to quit from healthcare providers is also unknown. ⋯ Compared to the general population, homeless people are far more likely to smoke and much less likely to quit, even though more than half of smokers received quit advice in the past year. Interventions for homeless smokers should address the unique comorbidities and vulnerabilities of this population.
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Differences between black and white women in the associations of sedentary and active behaviors and obesity are mostly unknown. ⋯ There are significant differences in the association of physical activity patterns and obesity between black and white women living in the southeastern U.S. Although most guidelines for prevention of obesity and maintaining weight promote increased time in moderate and vigorous physical activity, these results indicate that a reduction in sedentary behavior time may represent another useful strategy in this population.