American journal of preventive medicine
-
The widely recommended 5A's strategy for brief smoking cessation includes five tasks: Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange. Assessments of the 5A's have been limited to medical-record review and self-report. Using observational data, an instrument to assess the rate at which the 5A's are accomplished was developed. ⋯ Accounting for patient activity in smoking-cessation discussions is essential to accurately capture the degree to which the 5A's have been accomplished. The 5A-DOC can be applied to audio or transcript data to reliably assess which of the 5A's tasks have been accomplished. Clinician performance of the 5A's was modest, and findings suggest that clinician training should focus on Assess and the timing of this task, and alignment with patients' reported readiness.
-
The details hidden within the recent increase (1999-2004) in unintentional injury mortality have not been studied. ⋯ Specific subgroups of whites have recently experienced the most marked increases in fatal unintentional injuries, including falls, poisoning, motor-vehicle crashes, suffocation, fire/burns, and drowning. These increases merit further attention from researchers and policymakers.
-
Rock climbing is an increasingly popular sport in the U.S., with approximately nine million participants annually. The sport holds an inherent risk of falls and stress-related injuries. As indoor climbing facilities become more common, more people are participating in the sport. ⋯ Our results indicate that the most common rock climbing-related injuries are to the lower extremities and are fractures, sprains, and strains. More research is needed to determine how rock-climbers' characteristics, climbing setting, style of climbing, and use of safety equipment and training may affect their risk for certain injury patterns.
-
Identity theorists maintain that domain-specific self-concepts help explain the differential investment of people's time and effort in various activities. ⋯ Results support the role of athletic self-concept in promoting physical activity and organized sport participation in children and adolescents.
-
Steps/day guidelines for children aged 12 years and under are 12,000 to 16,000. There are limited reports in the literature on how many steps/day adolescents need to meet the 60-minutes/day moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendation. This study aimed to determine the steps/day that correctly classifies adolescents as meeting the 60-minute recommendation using objective measures. ⋯ Depending on the MVPA criteria used, these data suggest that overweight adolescents are likely to meet national MVPA recommendations if they accumulate between 10,000 and 11,700 steps per day.