American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Pounds Off Digitally study: a randomized podcasting weight-loss intervention.
As obesity rates rise, new weight-loss methods are needed. Little is known about the use of podcasting (audio files for a portable music player or computer) to promote weight loss, despite its growing popularity. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that the use of behavioral, theory-based podcasting may be an effective way to promote weight loss.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Telephone recruitment into a randomized controlled trial of quitline support.
Only 1%-7% of adult smokers use quitlines annually. Active telephone recruitment may increase utilization and enroll new groups of quitline users. ⋯ Active telephone recruitment has the potential to substantially increase the proportion of smokers using quitline services at a reasonable cost. This method also engages smokers currently under-represented in quitline populations.
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Physical activity is associated with better health, but many individuals are insufficiently active. Modifying the built environment may be an approach capable of influencing population-wide levels of physical activity, but few data exist from longitudinal studies that can minimize bias from active people choosing activity-friendly neighborhoods. ⋯ These findings suggest that the cross-sectional results may reflect self-selection, rather than indicating that the built environment--as measured by urban sprawl--increases physical activity. However, the longitudinal findings were limited by small numbers of men changing residence and associated sprawl levels.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Breast cancer screening among Vietnamese Americans: a randomized controlled trial of lay health worker outreach.
Vietnamese-American women underutilize breast cancer screening. ⋯ Lay health workers increased breast cancer screening among Vietnamese-American women.Future research should focus on how LHWs work and whether LHW outreach can be disseminated to other ethnic groups [corrected].
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Rock climbing is an increasingly popular sport in the U.S., with approximately nine million participants annually. The sport holds an inherent risk of falls and stress-related injuries. As indoor climbing facilities become more common, more people are participating in the sport. ⋯ Our results indicate that the most common rock climbing-related injuries are to the lower extremities and are fractures, sprains, and strains. More research is needed to determine how rock-climbers' characteristics, climbing setting, style of climbing, and use of safety equipment and training may affect their risk for certain injury patterns.