American journal of preventive medicine
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Despite a gradual decline in cervical cancer mortality because of greater use of screening, including Pap and human papillomavirus (HPV) tests, disparities in screening among adult women by disability type have not been examined. This study aims to assess the odds of cervical cancer screening using HPV tests by disability type among U.S. women aged 25-64 years. ⋯ Disparities in screening with HPV tests among women with physical and ≥2 disabilities suggest the need for a targeted approach to improve prevention screening awareness, access, and availability in this population.
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Review
Regulatory Strategies for Preventing and Reducing Nicotine Vaping among Youth: A Systematic Review.
Many jurisdictions have implemented different regulatory strategies to reduce vaping among youth. The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the evidence of the effectiveness of different regulatory strategies for preventing and reducing nicotine vaping among youth. ⋯ Although several regulatory interventions have been shown to be effective at reducing vaping among youth, evidence is insufficient to recommend a specific type of regulation. Regulatory authorities could implement various regulations targeting the price, accessibility, and desirability (i.e., flavors and packaging) of E-cigarettes.
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The 2018 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations endorsed shared decision making for men aged 55-69 years, encouraging consideration of patient race/ethnicity for prostate-specific antigen screening. This study aimed to assess whether a proxy shared decision-making variable modified the impact of race/ethnicity on the likelihood of prostate-specific antigen screening. ⋯ Although much disparities research focuses on race-based differences in prostate-specific antigen screening, research on strategies to mitigate these disparities is needed. Shared decision making might attenuate the impact of race/ethnic disparities on the likelihood of prostate-specific antigen screening.
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In 2011, Boston restricted cigar sales to packages of at least 4 cigars unless sold at a minimum of $2.50 per cigar. Nearly 200 localities in Massachusetts have since adopted policies establishing minimum pack quantities of 2-5 or minimum prices of $2.50-5.00 per cigar. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of these policies on youth cigar use. ⋯ These findings indicate small increases in the quantity and price of cigar packs could discourage young people from purchasing and using cigars, providing significant benefits for local tobacco control efforts.