American journal of preventive medicine
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Adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) was the first vaccine made available for herpes zoster in China. Authors aimed to evaluate its economic and health impacts on Chinese adults aged ≥50 years. ⋯ RZV was most likely to be cost-effective in people aged 60-69 years. A slight decrease in vaccine cost would result in RZV being cost-effective in all people aged ≥50 years.
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Lung cancer screening can save lives through the early detection of lung cancer, and professional societies recommend key lung cancer screening program components to ensure high-quality screening. Yet, little is known about the key components that comprise the various screening program models in routine clinical settings. The objective was to compare the utilization of these key components across centralized, hybrid, and decentralized lung cancer screening programs. ⋯ Although there is overlap between the components of various lung cancer screening program types, centralized programs more frequently implemented practices before the initial screening to support lung cancer screening. This work provides a path for future investigations to identify which lung cancer screening practices are effective to improve lung cancer screening outcomes, which could help inform implementation in settings with limited resources.
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Lung cancer screening is widely underutilized. Organizational factors, such as readiness for change and belief in the value of change (change valence), may contribute to underutilization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between healthcare organizations' preparedness and lung cancer screening utilization. ⋯ Healthcare organizations with higher readiness and change valence utilized more lung cancer screening. These results are hypothesis generating. Future interventions to increase organizations' preparedness, especially among clinicians and staff, may increase lung cancer screening utilization.
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Social drivers of mental health can be compared on an aggregated level. This study employed a machine learning approach to identify and rank social drivers of mental health across census tracts in the U.S. ⋯ Population mental health is highly contextualized. Better interventions can be developed on the basis of census tract-level analyses of social drivers that characterize the upstream causes of mental health problems.
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Attention is a critical outcome to understanding the impacts of tobacco warning labels and is commonly measured using eye tracking. Self-report, online methods may be efficient, scalable alternatives to capture attention. This study assesses warning label attention on cigarette marketing using a heatmapping task. ⋯ Greater attention as measured by a heatmapping task was observed for pictorial warnings and associated with lower intentions to use tobacco. Heatmapping selection patterns were a suitable proxy for attention in this online sample.