American journal of preventive medicine
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Lifetime exposure to interpersonal violence or abuse has been associated with several chronic diseases, including adult-onset diabetes, yet this pattern has not been confirmed by sex and race within a large cohort. ⋯ Both adult interpersonal violence or abuse and childhood abuse or neglect increased the risk of adult-onset diabetes in a dose-dependent pattern for men and women, and by race. Intervention and prevention efforts to reduce adult interpersonal violence or abuse and childhood abuse or neglect could not only reduce the risk of lifetime interpersonal violence or abuse but may also reduce one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, adult-onset diabetes.
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Attention is a critical outcome to understanding the impacts of tobacco warning labels and is commonly measured using eye tracking. Self-report, online methods may be efficient, scalable alternatives to capture attention. This study assesses warning label attention on cigarette marketing using a heatmapping task. ⋯ Greater attention as measured by a heatmapping task was observed for pictorial warnings and associated with lower intentions to use tobacco. Heatmapping selection patterns were a suitable proxy for attention in this online sample.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The STAR-MAMA randomized controlled trial: bilingual mobile health coaching for postpartum weight loss.
Gestational diabetes and overweight during pregnancy are associated with future type 2 diabetes. Postpartum weight loss can reduce diabetes risk. However, effective interventions for postpartum weight loss are lacking, in particular for Latina populations, despite their disproportionate burdens of gestational diabetes, overweight, and diabetes. ⋯ A postpartum health coaching intervention, designed for low-income Latina women at increased risk for diabetes, did not reduce postpartum weight gain. Intervention effects were nonsignificantly more favorable among English speakers versus Spanish speakers, and among those who perceived their diabetes risk to be high versus low.