American journal of preventive medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Integrating Intimate Partner Violence Screening Programs in Primary Care: Results from a Hybrid-II Implementation-Effectiveness RCT.
The Veterans Health Administration initiated implementation facilitation to integrate intimate partner screening programs in primary care. This study investigates implementation facilitation's impact on implementation and clinical effectiveness outcomes. ⋯ Findings indicate that implementation facilitation may be a promising strategy for increasing the reach of IPV screening programs in primary care, thereby increasing IPV detection and strengthening connections to support services among the patient population.
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Beverage taxes are associated with declines in sugar-sweetened beverage sales and consumption, but few studies have evaluated the associations of these taxes with health outcomes. This study analyzed changes in dental decay after the implementation of the Philadelphia sweetened beverage tax. ⋯ The Philadelphia beverage tax was not associated with reduced tooth decay in the general population, but it was associated with reduced tooth decay in adults and children on Medicaid, suggesting potential health benefits for low-income populations.
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Hispanic/Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) are disproportionately affected by HIV in the U.S. This study evaluated HIV prevention services and outcomes among Hispanic/Latino MSM and TGW in the Targeted Highly Effective Interventions to Reduce the HIV Epidemic (THRIVE) demonstration project and consider lessons learned. ⋯ The THRIVE demonstration project delivered comprehensive HIV prevention services to Hispanic/Latino MSM and TGW. Hispanic/Latino-oriented clinical settings may improve HIV prevention service delivery to persons in Hispanic/Latino communities.
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Women with previous gestational diabetes are at high risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) is a widely disseminated lifestyle intervention to prevent Type 2 diabetes. Although NDPP programs are open to adults of any age, participants are usually older adults. Effectiveness among younger women with previous gestational diabetes is largely unknown. ⋯ Diverse younger women with previous gestational diabetes attending the NDPP had one third greater attendance and twice as much weight loss as other NDPP participants but represented a much smaller proportion of enrollees. Thus, the NDPP appears to be a beneficial but underutilized resource for this high-risk population.
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Little has previously been reported about the implementation of social risk screening across racial/ethnic/language groups. To address this knowledge gap, the associations between race/ethnicity/language, social risk screening, and patient-reported social risks were examined among adult patients at community health centers. ⋯ Social risk screening documentation and patient reports of social risks differed by race/ethnicity/language in community health centers. Although social care initiatives are intended to promote health equity, inequitable screening practices could inadvertently undermine this goal. Future implementation research should explore strategies for equitable screening and related interventions.