Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe effect of sodium and ultrafiltration modelling on plasma volume changes and haemodynamic stability in intensive care patients receiving haemodialysis for acute renal failure: a prospective, stratified, randomized, cross-over study.
Haemodynamic stability in intensive care unit (ICU) patient with acute renal failure (ARF) during intermittent dialytic support has been the focus for several variations to dialysis delivery. Indeed this has been noted by many as a possible cause for prolonged renal dysfunction created by repeated hypotensive renal insult, as well as a reason for the lower delivered dialysis dose afforded. End-stage renal failure patients supported by intermittent dialysis have benefitted from variable sodium dialysate and variable ultrafiltration rate protocols. The current study has focused upon the response to these dialysis variations in the ICU ARF patient. ⋯ Haemodynamic stability was greater during Protocol B than during Protocol A in all patients. Significantly less intervention was noted during Protocol B, despite the same dialysis delivery during both Protocols. Relative Blood volume changes were less during Protocol B, despite a greater total ultrafiltration. Variable sodium dialysate coupled with a variable ultrafiltration rate seems to be the preferred dialysis prescription for ICU ARF patients undergoing intermittent haemodialysis.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Oct 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialGranulocyte sequestration in dialysers: a comparative elution study of three different membranes.
The present study was designed to investigate the expression of activation markers on polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) in peripheral blood and dialyser eluates, comparing three different membranes. ⋯ Dialyser eluates of all three dialysers consisted mainly of PMN. Based on the relatively modest cell numbers and the expression of the activation markers described, our results suggest primarily degranulation within the dialyser. Apart from differences in cell numbers, CTA yielding the highest cell counts, no differences between CTA, CU, and PS could be demonstrated in dialyser eluates.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Jan 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialTopical anaesthesia for fistula cannulation in haemodialysis patients.
The use of a local anaesthetic cream (EMLA; Astra) for arteriovenous fistula cannulation was compared to placebo in a double-blind randomised manner in 26 patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis who were currently using injections of lignocaine. The EMLA cream was highly effective compared to placebo (P less than 0.001) on visual analogue and verbal rating scales as well as ease of venepuncture (P less than 0.01). It also gave more pain relief and improved the ease of venepuncture compared to lignocaine injections. Patients expressed a strong preference for the EMLA cream, which has advantages that outweigh the cost and convenience factors.