Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Dec 2008
Label-retaining cells and tubular regeneration in postischaemic kidney.
In this study, we have examined rat kidneys after ischaemic injury (35 min) with regard to the dynamics of S3 tubule regeneration. ⋯ Our data suggest that positive cells (BrdU(+), CD44(+), vimentin(+) and CD45(-)) observed in kidney tubules after ischaemia could originate from an extrarenal source and reach the renal parenchyma via blood vessels. We postulate that these immature cells migrate to injured tubules, proliferate and finally differentiate into mature epithelial cells leading to the replacement of a majority (>80%) of altered S3 cells.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Nov 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyIntravenous C.E.R.A. maintains stable haemoglobin levels in patients on dialysis previously treated with darbepoetin alfa: results from STRIATA, a randomized phase III study.
Extending the administration interval of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) represents an opportunity to improve the efficiency of anaemia management in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, effective haemoglobin (Hb) maintenance can be challenging with epoetin alfa and epoetin beta administered at extended intervals. C.E.R.A., a continuous erythropoietin receptor activator, has a unique pharmacologic profile and long half-life ( approximately 130 h), allowing administration at extended intervals. Phase III results have demonstrated that C.E.R.A. administered once every 4 weeks effectively maintains stable Hb levels in patients with CKD on dialysis. ⋯ Stable Hb levels were successfully maintained in patients on haemodialysis directly converted to Q2W intravenous C.E.R.A. from DA.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Nov 2008
Clinical TrialDaily oral 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation for vitamin D deficiency in haemodialysis patients: effects on mineral metabolism and bone markers.
Vitamin D deficiency is frequently observed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients; however, the effects of vitamin D supplementation have rarely been reported. We aimed to assess the effects of daily 25(OH)D(3) supplementation on mineral metabolism, bone markers and Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) targets in haemodialysis (HD) patients for a period of 6 months. ⋯ With a daily dose ranging from 10 to 30 microg, daily oral 25(OH)D(3) supplementation corrects most vitamin D deficiencies or insufficiencies in HD patients, without any evident toxicity. The main effects observed included correction of excessive bone turnover, despite less alfacalcidol administration, increase in serum albumin level and increase in the percentage of patients with serum calcium and phosphorus levels within the recommendation of the KDOQI guidelines.
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Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. · Nov 2008
Can we really predict the change in serum sodium levels? An analysis of currently proposed formulae in hypernatraemic patients.
Hypernatraemia is common in intensive care patients and may present an independent risk factor of mortality. Several formulae have been proposed to guide infusion therapy for correction of serum sodium. Unfortunately, these formulae have never been validated comparatively. We assessed the predictive potential of four different formulae (Adrogué-Madias, Barsoum-Levine, Kurtz-Nguyen and a simple formula based on electrolyte-free water clearance) in correction and maintenance of serum sodium in 66 hyper- and normonatraemic ICU patients. ⋯ Currently available formulae to guide infusion therapy in hyper- and normonatraemic states do not accurately predict changes of serum sodium in the individual ICU patient. In clinical practice, infusion therapy should be based on the reasons for hypernatraemia and serial measurements of serum sodium to avoid evolution of derangements.