Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · May 2015
The 2011-2014 prevalence of eosinophilic oesophagitis in the elderly amongst 10 million patients in the United States.
Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is primarily diagnosed by clinicians. There are less than a handful of epidemiological studies in EoE that have included elderly patients (>65 years). ⋯ Eosinophilic oesophagitis is uncommon in elderly subjects and the clinical presentation is markedly different as compared with adults or the paediatric population.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · May 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRandomised clinical trial: faecal microbiota transplantation by colonoscopy vs. vancomycin for the treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from healthy donors is considered an effective treatment against recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. ⋯ Faecal microbiota transplantation using colonoscopy to infuse faeces was significantly more effective than vancomycin regimen for the treatment of recurrent C. difficile infection. The delivery of donor faeces via colonoscopy has the potential to optimise the treatment strategy in patients with pseudomembranous colitis.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Apr 2015
Review Meta AnalysisSystematic review with network meta-analysis: the comparative effectiveness and safety of interventions in patients with overt hepatic encephalopathy.
Interventional treatment for overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE), includes non-absorbable disaccharides, neomycin, rifaximin, L-ornithine-L-aspartate and branched chain amino acids (BCAA). However, the optimum regimen remains inconclusive. ⋯ L-ornithine-L-aspartate treatment may show a trend in superiority for clinical efficacy among standard interventions for OHE. Rifaximin shows the greatest reduction in blood ammonia concentration, and treatment with neomycin demonstrates a higher probability in causing adverse effects among the five compared interventions.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Apr 2015
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialHelicobacter pylori second-line rescue therapy with levofloxacin- and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, after failure of standard triple or non-bismuth quadruple treatments.
The most commonly used second-line Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens are bismuth-containing quadruple therapy and levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, both offering suboptimal results. Combining bismuth and levofloxacin may enhance the efficacy of rescue eradication regimens. ⋯ Fourteen-day bismuth- and levofloxacin-containing quadruple therapy is an effective (≥90% cure rate), simple and safe second-line strategy in patients whose previous standard triple or non-bismuth quadruple (sequential or concomitant) therapies have failed.