Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · May 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRandomised clinical trial: twice daily esomeprazole 40 mg vs. pantoprazole 40 mg in Barrett's oesophagus for 1 year.
Barrett's oesophagus is regarded as the most important risk factor for development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. According to current guidelines, treatment should be limited to symptomatic Barrett's oesophagus. ⋯ Treatment of Barrett's oesophagus patients with high-dose esomeprazole, but not pantoprazole, promoted a decrease in proliferative markers, concomitantly with a decrease in apoptotic cell death. Moreover, esomeprazole allowed a better oesophageal acid control than pantoprazole.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Apr 2011
ReviewReview article: proton pump inhibitors with clopidogrel--evidence for and against a clinically-important interaction.
The treatment of acute coronary syndromes involves a combination of antiplatelet therapies. Proton pump inhibitors are frequently recommended for patients receiving clopidogrel in addition to aspirin, to minimise the risk of bleeding. Several studies have shown that proton pump inhibitors can affect the platelet inhibitory effects of clopidogrel. However, the data on whether this has an effect on clinical outcomes are conflicting and a definitive answer is still awaited. ⋯ Proton pump inhibitors offer clear protection and the concern over clinically relevant interactions with clopidogrel is biologically plausible, but not yet proven.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Apr 2011
ReviewSystematic review: association of polycystic ovary syndrome with metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder for women of child-bearing age and is associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). ⋯ Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Similarly, it seems appropriate to consider polycystic ovary syndrome as the ovarian manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Both these conditions can co-exist and may respond to similar therapeutic strategies.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Mar 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRandomised clinical trial: ghrelin agonist TZP-101 relieves gastroparesis associated with severe nausea and vomiting--randomised clinical study subset data.
Limited therapeutic options exist for severe gastroparesis, where severe nausea and vomiting can lead to weight loss, dehydration and malnutrition due to inadequate caloric and fluid intake. TZP-101 (ulimorelin) is a ghrelin receptor agonist that accelerates gastric emptying and improves upper gastrointestinal symptoms in diabetic patients with gastroparesis. ⋯ TZP-101 substantially reduced the frequency and severity of nausea and vomiting as well as overall gastroparesis symptoms. The results are consistent with gastrointestinal motility effects of TZP-101, supporting further investigation of TZP-101 in the management of severe gastroparesis.
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Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Mar 2011
Endogenously released opioids mediate meal-induced gastric relaxation via peripheral mu-opioid receptors.
The centrally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist naloxone inhibits meal-induced gastric accommodation. ⋯ These results indicate that endogenous opioids mediate gastric accommodation and satiation via peripheral mu-opioid receptors. Effects were less pronounced after naloxone treatment, which indicates that centrally involved mu-opioid receptors mediate an opposing effect.