Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology
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Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol · Mar 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialRecruitment for longitudinal, randomised pregnancy trials initiated preconception: lessons from the effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction trial.
Recruitment into large, preconception randomised clinical trials (RCT) is challenging. We describe clinic and community-based preconception recruitment strategies for the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial and highlight approaches that were and were not successful. This longitudinal RCT was conducted at four major sites in the US. Eligible women had one to two prior pregnancy losses and were actively trying to become pregnant. ⋯ Provider and clinic-based recruitment was the most effective and cost-efficient method of recruitment in a preconception intervention study of reproduction among women.
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Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol · Mar 2015
Birth outcomes of foreign-born, native-born, and mixed couples in Sweden.
Many births in industrialised countries are to immigrant parents, or to one immigrant and one domestically born parent. Their newborn outcomes have not been well studied. ⋯ Adverse birth outcomes differ according to a couple's ethnic composition. Having a Swedish-born partner is associated with lower risk of SGA among immigrant mothers and fathers, and with lower risk of preterm delivery among immigrant fathers but not mothers.
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Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol · Nov 2014
Gestational age-specific associations between infantile acute bronchiolitis and asthma after age five.
Infantile acute bronchiolitis (AB) is a risk factor for the development of paediatric asthma. The associations might differ according to gestational age. ⋯ A positive association was observed between ED visits for AB and subsequent asthma ED visits after age 5; associations did not vary meaningfully by gestational age. Sensitivity analyses did not suggest large biases due to differences in ED utilisation across sociodemographic groups or loss to follow-up from residential migration.
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Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol · Nov 2014
Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring.
Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) is the most common complication of pregnancy. NVP has been associated with improved fetal outcomes, but its association with childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes has rarely been studied. ⋯ Overall, there were few differences between children exposed and unexposed to NVP. NVP was associated with slightly worse visual motor performance, and prolonged NVP and NVP extending late into pregnancy were associated with poorer scores on several neurodevelopmental measures.
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Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol · Nov 2014
Hospital admissions and gestational age at birth: 18 years of follow up in Western Australia.
Infants born moderate to late preterm are twice as likely to be rehospitalised within the first few weeks following discharge from the birth admission. It is not understood how rehospitalisation risk changes with age or how risks have changed over time. ⋯ Rehospitalisation risk is greater for singleton children born at all gestational ages compared with those born full term. This effect of gestational age on rehospitalisation is highest in the first year post-discharge, but has almost disappeared by adolescence.