Journal of anxiety disorders
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Cognitive-behavioral models of social phobia emphasize the combined effects of cognitive biases in the maintenance of the condition, and recent findings in adults implicate self-focused attention as one such bias. However, research examining self-focus in youth is limited. This investigation examined the causal role of self-focused attention on threat interpretation biases in a community sample of 175 socially anxious children. ⋯ Social anxiety predicted self-focus and threat interpretation bias. The mirror manipulation did not have an effect on focus of attention or on threat interpretation bias, nor did it interact with social anxiety. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
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We explored whether prospective memory task performance is impaired in sub-clinical compulsive checkers. Participants were 126 undergraduate students who were divided into three groups: high, medium, low checkers. ⋯ Moreover, high checkers reported experiencing every type of prospective memory failure more frequently than either the medium or the low checkers. We suggest that individuals with compulsive checking tendencies have an impaired prospective memory and that their increased experiences with prospective memory failures causes their intrusive concerns that tasks were not completed.
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We evaluated the utility of Anxiety scales for the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Teacher Report Form (TRF). The scales (CBCL-A; TRF-A) were examined using mothers and teachers of anxiety-disordered (AD; 157 mothers, 70 teachers) and non-anxiety-disordered (NAD; 100 mothers, 17 teachers) children. Separate samples of parents and teachers of AD (mothers=145, fathers=120, teachers=137) and NAD (mothers=35, fathers=29, teachers=27) children cross-validated the original findings. ⋯ DSM-oriented and empirically based approaches to constructing scales from the same item pools. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32, 328-340] CBCL Anxiety subscale, the CBCL-A predicted comparably. Findings are discussed in terms of the CBCL-A and TRF-A as clinical tools.
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The Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale [BFNE; Leary, M. R. (1983). A brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. ⋯ Depression & Anxiety). These findings support the utility of the revised items and the validity of the BFNE-II as a measure of the fear of negative evaluation. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
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Multicenter Study
Fear of needles and vasovagal reactions among phlebotomy patients.
Anxiety associated with blood and injections is a common problem in medical settings and, in severe cases, affects sufferers' ability to receive medically essential treatment. The present study was conducted to examine incidence of adverse reactions to venipunctures among phlebotomy patients, as well as to understand the demographic and psychological characteristics associated with such reactions. A large sample of participants undergoing venipuncture (N=3315) was recruited from hospital-based phlebotomy laboratories. ⋯ Vasovagal reactions and vasovagal syncope were extremely infrequent. A tendency to experience pain, disgust, and fear of fainting during injections was associated with anxious responding to the venipuncture and a probable diagnosis of needle phobia. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.