AIDS
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In the current context of increasing unsafe sex, HIV incidence may have evolved, depending on HIV prevalence in sexual networks and, among HIV-infected persons who practice unsafe sex, on their infectivity and partners' HIV serostatus. We examined calendar trends in sexual behaviours at risk of HIV-1 transmission (SBR) among 967 adults followed since primary HIV infection (ANRS PRIMO cohort) and relationship with current treatments and viral load. ⋯ In France, recent trends and risk factors in unprotected sex with HIV-negative/unknown partners differ according to sex/sexual preference. The recent increase in SBR among heterosexual men with low viral load may be related to increasing awareness of the 'treatment-as-prevention' concept. The lack of association between SBR and viral load among MSM supports use of treatment-as-prevention as part of diversified prevention strategies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Randomized, phase 2 evaluation of two single-tablet regimens elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for the initial treatment of HIV infection.
To assess the safety and efficacy of two, single-tablet regimens for the initial treatment of HIV infection. ⋯ Once-daily EVG/COBI/FTC/TDF achieved and maintained a high rate of virologic suppression with fewer central nervous system and psychiatric adverse events compared to a current standard-of-care regimen of EFV/FTC/TDF.
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Reduced immunogenicity of influenza vaccines in HIV-infected compared with uninfected pregnant women is associated with regulatory T cells.
To evaluate the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines in HIV-infected pregnant women and the factors that may determine this response. ⋯ Influenza vaccines have reduced immunogenicity in HIV-infected compared with uninfected pregnant women. In HIV-infected women, increased regulatory CD4(+)FoxP3(+)% may attenuate the immunogenicity of vaccines.
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To evaluate the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on HIV-1 transmission rates among HIV-1 discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda. ⋯ HIV-1 transmission may be reduced among HIV-1 discordant couples after initiation of ART due to reductions in HIV-1 viral load and increased consistent condom use.