AIDS
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Memantine and HIV-associated cognitive impairment: a neuropsychological and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.
To assess the safety and efficacy of memantine, an uncompetitive antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor as treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment. ⋯ Memantine was safe and tolerated by HIV-infected subjects with cognitive impairment. Although we observed no significant differences in cognitive performance, the magnetic resonance spectroscopy data suggest that memantine may ameliorate neuronal metabolism, an important step to stabilizing or preventing neuronal injury. These results underscore the need for longer studies to assess the full potential of neuroprotective agents.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Risk of cancers during interrupted antiretroviral therapy in the SMART study.
To compare rates of AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining malignancies between patients on a CD4 T-cell-guided antiretroviral therapy (ART) strategy and continuous ART. ⋯ Non-AIDS-defining malignancies were more common in this cohort than AIDS-defining malignancies. This analysis provides further evidence against the use of CD4 T-cell-guided ART because of a higher risk of AIDS-defining malignancies in addition to opportunistic infections and deaths.
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This study was conducted to compare viral dynamics in blood and semen between subjects with antibody negative, acute HIV-1 infection and other subjects with later stages of infection. ⋯ These results provide a biological explanation for reported increases in HIV transmission during the very early (acute) and late stages of infection. Recognizing temporal differences in HIV shedding in the genital tract is important in the development of effective HIV prevention strategies.