Brain injury : [BI]
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
Clinical TrialAssociation of ICP, CPP, CT findings and S-100B and NSE in severe traumatic head injury. Prognostic value of the biomarkers.
The association was studied of intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) on S-100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). The relationship was explored between biomarkers, ICP, CPP, CT-scan classifications and the clinical outcome. ⋯ Biomarker levels are associated with ICP and CPP and reflect different aspects of brain injury as evaluated by CT-scan. The biomarkers might predict mortality. There are several pitfalls influencing the interpretation of biomarker data in respect to ICP, CPP, CT-findings and clinical outcome.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
Case ReportsA case study of magnetic resonance imaging of cerebrovascular reactivity: a powerful imaging marker for mild traumatic brain injury.
To use breath-hold functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to localize the brain regions with impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in a female patient diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The extent of impaired CVR was evaluated 2 months after concussion. Follow-up scan was performed 1 year post-mTBI using the same breath-hold fMRI technique. ⋯ CVR may serve as an imaging biomarker to detect subtle deficits in both grey and white matter for individual diagnosis of mTBI. The findings encourage further investigation of hypercapnic fMRI as a diagnostic tool for mTBI.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
How long is too long? The lack of consensus regarding the post-concussion syndrome diagnosis.
A standard definition of Post-concussion Syndrome (PCS) does not exist. The objective was to determine consensus regarding the definition of PCS among physician members of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). ⋯ There is a lack of consensus regarding the definition of PCS among physician members of the ACSM. A standard definition would improve consistency in concussion research and in clinical practise.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
Historical ArticleHistory of neuropsychological study of sport-related concussion.
Although the medical literature has a long history of description and comment on concussion, the occurrence of concussion within the context of sports other than boxing was not judged to be problematic until the 1980s. Neuropsychological assessment played a critical and integral role in identifying the cognitive sequelae of concussion and mapping out the short- and long-term vagaries in recovery. This paper captures that history and expands upon current applications of neuropsychological assessment in the diagnosis and management of sport-related concussion.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2015
Mild traumatic brain injury defined by Glasgow Coma Scale: Is it really mild?
Conventionally, a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13-15 defines mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The aim of this study was to identify the factors that predict progression on repeat head computed tomography (RHCT) and neurosurgical intervention (NSI) in patients categorized as mild TBI with intracranial injury (intracranial haemorrhage and/or skull fracture). ⋯ In patients with intracranial injury, a mild GCS score (GCS 13-15) in patients with an intracranial injury does not preclude progression on repeat head CT and the need for a neurosurgical intervention. Base deficit greater than four and displaced skull fracture are the greatest predictors for neurosurgical intervention in patients with mild TBI and an intracranial injury.