Brain injury : [BI]
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2019
Observational StudyTraumatic brain injury in patients screened for blood alcohol concentration based on the mechanism of injury.
We aimed to investigate in-hospital outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and mechanism of injury (MOI). ⋯ Screening for BAC among patients with TBI increases substantially regardless of the MOI. The high BAC value in Fall-related TBI needs more attention to set appropriate preventive measures.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2019
Cerebral blood flow in children and adolescents several years after concussion.
The long-term effects of concussion in youth remain poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the association between history of concussion and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in youth. ⋯ Youth with a history of concussion demonstrate differences in regional CBF (not global CBF), but without clear clinical expression.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2019
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Observational StudyComparison of the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and the Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire.
Objective: This study sought to determine the similarity of constructs measured by the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and Rivermead Postconcussive Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ) and the potential for interchangeability of scores from the two scales. Setting: Three acute inpatient rehabilitation hospitals in the USA. Participants: 497 community dwelling persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who completed the NSI and the RPQ during the same assessment. ⋯ A crosswalk between the two measures was created by equating scores from the scales based on percentile ranks. Conclusion: Results indicate substantial conceptual and empirical overlap between the NSI and RPQ. The percentile crosswalk developed from this dataset may allow combined analysis of post-concussive symptoms from datasets that include either the NSI or the RPQ.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2019
ReviewOverview of pharmacological interventions after traumatic brain injuries: impact on selected outcomes.
The purpose of this study was to conduct an overview of systematic reviews (SRs) to appraise the published evidence related to pharmacological interventions after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Searches were conducted with Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed. 780 retrieved SRs underwent a two-level screening to determine inclusion. Data extracted included participant characteristics, TBI severity, study design, pharmacological interventions, and outcomes. ⋯ Most SRs had heterogeneous TBI samples, outcomes, or methodologies making it difficult to synthesize findings into recommended guidelines. This study demonstrated a need for adequately powered and rigorous randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to provide generalizable evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacologic interventions for TBI. PROSPERO Registration: CRD42015017355.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2019
Observational StudyOptical pupillometry in traumatic brain injury: neurological pupil index and its relationship with intracranial pressure through significant event analysis.
Primary Objective: Treatment paradigms for traumatic brain injury (TBI) rely on invasive monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) for planning intervention. Optical pupillometry is a non-invasive, objective monitoring method, measuring parameters of pupillary response and displaying a scalar value - a neurological pupil index (NPi). An impaired response on NPi has been tentatively correlated with ICP, through analysis of mean/peak NPi and ICP readings. ⋯ The results show that there is a weak but statistically insignificant relationship between NPi and ICP, where reduced pupil reactivity may indicate a raised ICP. The strength of this trend appears to diminish post-decompressive surgery. Conclusions: Whilst pupillometry may not be a reliable surrogate marker for ICP, NPi may still prove to be a useful tool in a multimodal prognostic assessment of the patient with acute brain injury.