Brain injury : [BI]
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2011
Axis I and II psychiatric disorders in patients with traumatic brain injury: a 12-month follow-up study.
To evaluate the occurrence of axis I and II psychiatric disorders among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Both axis I and II psychiatric disorders are common among patients with TBI. Alcohol dependence and personality disorders are prevalent in individuals prone to TBI, whereas depressive disorders typically develop after injury. Psychiatric disorders should be addressed in rehabilitation, as otherwise they will hinder the recovery after TBI.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2011
ReviewNon-impact, blast-induced mild TBI and PTSD: concepts and caveats.
A volumetric blood surge (rapid physical movement/displacement of blood) is hypothesized to cause the non-impact, mild TBI and battlefield PTSD induced by a blast over-pressure wave. ⋯ Three factors may be critical to the induction of blast-induced brain injuries: (1) the difference in pressure between the ventral body cavity and cranial cavity; (2) blood that acts as a transmission medium to propagate a pressure wave to the brain; and (3) the vulnerability of cerebral blood vessels and the BBB to a sudden fluctuation in perfusion pressure.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2011
Association between combat stress and post-concussive symptom reporting in OEF/OIF service members with mild traumatic brain injuries.
The relationship between combat stress and post-concussive symptoms in service members with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) is poorly understood. It was hypothesized that the co-occurrence of combat stress would have a significant effect on the severity of post-concussive complaints, specifically on emotional and cognitive symptoms. ⋯ The findings of the present study suggest that non-brain injury-related factors, such as high-levels of combat stress, may impact post-concussive symptom reporting in this population, further confounding the accuracy of the post-concussion syndrome (PCS) diagnosis. Considerable caution should be exercised in making the diagnosis of PCS in concussed service members with co-occurring combat-stress disorders.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2011
Case ReportsImpact of post-traumatic hypersomnia on functional recovery of cognition and communication.
To assess aspects of cognition and communication, in response to the treatment of post-traumatic hypersomnia and mood disturbance. ⋯ A comprehensive pharmacological management programme addressing the multi-factorial underlying aetiology was successful in improving sleep, arousal and mood. The D-CCASP was found to be clinically and statistically sensitive to reported changes in cognitive-communication function in relation to improvements in sleep and daytime arousal. These findings suggest that management of sleep/wake disturbances and mood post-traumatic brain injury can potentially facilitate improvements in cognitive-communication function which may, in turn, facilitate participation in rehabilitation and community integration.
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Brain injury : [BI] · Jan 2011
Case ReportsSource imaging of QEEG as a method to detect awareness in a person in vegetative state.
Assessment of awareness in patients with severe brain injury remains subjective, although patients with even limited awareness (e.g. minimal conscious state, MCS) have different prognoses and treatment than those in vegetative state (VS). Recently, task appropriate differential regional activation in VS has been reported using fMRI during mental imagery. ⋯ Results from this single case suggests the potential utility of QEEG source localization images to detect awareness in patients clinically diagnosed as being in VS. This indicates the possibility that EEG may serve as an important adjunct to the assessment of awareness in patients with disorders of consciousness in the clinical setting.