International journal of geriatric psychiatry
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Int J Geriatr Psychiatry · Oct 2019
Hospitalized burn injury risk associated with benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in elders: A population-based case-control study.
To examine the association between benzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z-drugs treatment and risk of burn injury in elders. ⋯ BZDs and Z-drugs prescriptions in elders may be associated with increased risk of burn injury hospitalization. When prescribing BZDs and Z-drugs, clinicians should exercise caution with the elderly to minimize risks.
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Int J Geriatr Psychiatry · Oct 2019
The trajectory of C-reactive protein serum levels in older hip fracture patients with postoperative delirium.
Important precipitating risk factors for delirium such as infections, vascular disorders, and surgery are accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response. Systemic inflammatory mediators can induce delirium in susceptible individuals. Little is known about the trajectory of systemic inflammatory markers and their role in the development and outcome of delirium. ⋯ Delirium is associated with an increased systemic inflammatory response, and our results suggest that CRP plays a role in the underlying (inflammatory-vascular) pathological pathway of postoperative delirium.
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Int J Geriatr Psychiatry · Sep 2019
Meta AnalysisNoninvasive brain stimulation for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Pharmacological and conventional nonpharmacological treatments for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) have only modest efficacy. Furthermore, pharmacotherapy carries the risk of important side effects. Noninvasive brain stimulation (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)) are valuable and safe for cognitive function in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, there have been few studies, and there is no consensus, regarding the use of these techniques to treat BPSD. ⋯ Our results establish a tendency for efficacy of rTMS protocols on BPSD, while corroborating their safety and tolerability, suggesting the need for further research.
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Int J Geriatr Psychiatry · Sep 2019
Pharmacological basis for sedative and hypnotic like effects of Pyrus pashia using in vivo experimental models.
Pyrus pashia has traditionally been used as a therapeutic agent including sedative. In this regard, hydroethanolic extract of Pyrus pashia (HEPP) was screened for phytochemical investigation, acute toxicity, and sedative-hypnotic activity to provide a scientific rationale to its ethno-medicinal uses. ⋯ The results of the present study showed significant sedative-hypnotic effects of the HEPP in mice and that the central benzodiazepine receptors are involved in the sedative-hypnotic effects of this plant.
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Int J Geriatr Psychiatry · Aug 2019
Inflammation in mild cognitive impairment due to Parkinson's disease, Lewy body disease, and Alzheimer's disease.
Inflammation appears to play a role in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. However, little is known about inflammation during early stages of cognitive decline or whether this differs in different disease groups. We sought to investigate this by assessing the inflammatory profile in patients with Parkinson disease with the early stages of cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), patients with prodromal Alzheimer disease (MCI-AD), prodromal Lewy body disease (MCI-LB), and controls. ⋯ Inflammation may be involved in the onset of cognitive decline in patients with MCI-AD and MCI-LB but appears to be less prominent PD-MCI albeit in a small data set. This suggests that anti-inflammatory medications may have most benefit at the earliest stages of neurodegenerative diseases. For PD cases, this might be in advance of the development of MCI.