Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography
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J Am Soc Echocardiogr · Aug 2012
Clinical TrialThree-dimensional speckle-tracking analysis of left ventricular function after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
The acute and long-term effects of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with aortic valve stenosis on left ventricular (LV) function are controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of TAVI on LV function with two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking analysis of LV deformation capability. ⋯ Our results indicate significant improvements of LV global and longitudinal function and clinical parameters 6 months after TAVI that are pronounced in patients with impaired baseline LV function. Compared with 2D LV functional imaging, 3D speckle-tracking imaging allowed significantly faster image acquisition and data analysis.
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J Am Soc Echocardiogr · Aug 2012
Influence of RV restrictive physiology on LV diastolic function in children after tetralogy of Fallot repair.
Restrictive right ventricular (RV) physiology is a common finding after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Via diastolic ventricular interaction, RV filling characteristics may influence left ventricular (LV) filling. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of RV diastolic physiology on LV diastolic properties. ⋯ End-diastolic forward flow in the main pulmonary artery is associated with larger RV dimensions in pediatric patients with postoperative tetralogy of Fallot. The presence of end-diastolic forward flow was not associated with other differences in RV diastolic parameters but with more pronounced pulmonary venous reversals and larger left atrial size. This indicates that ventricular diastolic interaction affects LV filling pressures.
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J Am Soc Echocardiogr · Jul 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialEvaluation of right ventricular systolic function after mitral valve repair: a two-dimensional Doppler, speckle-tracking, and three-dimensional echocardiographic study.
Conventional indices of right ventricular (RV) function are known to be reduced after cardiac surgery, as a consequence of geometric rather than functional alterations. New techniques, such as three-dimensional (3D) transthoracic and two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography, may be useful in postsurgical RV assessment. The aim of this study was to compare indices of RV function obtained using different echocardiographic modalities, before and after surgery. ⋯ Although 3D ejection fraction was preserved after surgery, in agreement with the lack of evidence of RV dysfunction, two-dimensional indices showed a functional loss in the longitudinal direction. Fractional area change, as a combination of radial and longitudinal properties, was slightly decreased. Speckle-tracking echocardiography could constitute a useful approach to relate local and space-dependent changes to the global RV function.
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J Am Soc Echocardiogr · Jul 2012
Supine exercise echocardiographic measures of systolic and diastolic function in children.
Echocardiography has been used to determine ventricular function, segmental wall motion abnormality, and pulmonary artery pressure before and after peak exercise. No prior study has investigated systolic and diastolic function using echocardiography at various phases of exercise in children. The aim of this study was to determine the fractional shortening (FS), systolic-to-diastolic (S/D) ratio, heart rate-corrected velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCFc), circumferential wall stress (WS), ratio of mitral passive inflow to active inflow (E/A), ratio of passive inflow by pulsed-wave to tissue Doppler (E/E'), and right ventricular-to-right atrial pressure gradient from tricuspid valve regurgitation jet velocity (RVP) and time duration at various phases of exercise in children. ⋯ Normal values for systolic and diastolic echocardiographic measurements of function are now available. FS, VCFc, WS, and RVP increase with exercise and then return to near baseline levels. The E/E' ratio is unaltered with exercise in normal subjects.
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J Am Soc Echocardiogr · Jul 2012
Quantification of mitral valve anatomy by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in mitral valve prolapse predicts surgical anatomy and the complexity of mitral valve repair.
Three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is more accurate than two-dimensional (2D) TEE in the qualitative assessment of mitral valve (MV) prolapse (MVP). However, the accuracy of 3D TEE in quantifying MV anatomy is less well studied, and its clinical relevance for MV repair is unknown. ⋯ Measurements of MV anatomy on 3D TEE are accurate compared with surgical measurements. Quantitative MV characteristics, as assessed by 3D TEE, determined the complexity of MV repair.