American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2011
ReviewUltrasound-guided injection techniques for the low back and hip joint.
Ultrasound has become a useful adjunct to many procedures performed in rehabilitation medicine. It has the advantages of cost-effectiveness, lack of radiation, and readiness of use and the ability to make dynamic examinations possible compared with other imaging tools. Through dynamic examinations, needles can be guided accurately to the target sites to increase the success rates of aspiration and injection procedures. ⋯ This is the first of two review articles on ultrasound-guided injections. This article will review the selected ultrasound-guided injection techniques that are performed in the low-back and hip-joint areas. Sonographic images and schematic illustrations of these ultrasound-guided injection techniques will be shown.
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Sep 2011
ReviewUnderlying pathology and associated factors of hemiplegic shoulder pain.
The prevalence of hemiplegic shoulder pain is approximately 22%-23% in the general population of stroke survivors and approximately 54%-55% among stroke patients in rehabilitation settings. Hemiplegic shoulder pain causes a reduced quality-of-life, poor functional recovery, depression, disturbed sleep, and prolonged hospitalization. Herein, we attempted to understand, based on a literature review and experts' opinion, the pathologic processes underlying hemiplegic shoulder pain and the major associated factors contributing to its development. The systematization of underlying pathologies was proposed, which might eventually enable a more constructive clinical approach in evaluating and treating patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain.
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Sep 2011
Catastrophizing, pain, and pain interference in individuals with disabilities.
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of sex and disability on catastrophizing, pain intensity, and pain interference in individuals with a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. ⋯ These findings are consistent with a biopsychosocial conceptualization of pain and functioning in individuals with chronic pain secondary to a physical disability. In addition, these data suggest that assessment and treatment (when indicated) of catastrophizing should be a regular part of the clinical management of these patients.