European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Apr 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialThe degree of oxidative stress is associated with major adverse effects after lung resection: a prospective study.
This prospective randomized study was conducted in order to define the contribution of the generated oxygen and nitrogen reactive species on postlobectomy morbidity and mortality. ⋯ Protracted (>1h) OLV should be considered a potential cause for cardiovascular complications through the generation of severe oxidative stress due to lung reexpansion.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Apr 2006
Multicenter StudyValidation of the EuroSCORE model in Australia.
There is an important role for accurate risk prediction models in current cardiac surgical practice. Such models enable benchmarking and allow surgeons and institutions to compare outcomes in a meaningful way. They can also be useful in the areas of surgical decision-making, preoperative informed consent, quality assurance and healthcare management. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) model on the Australasian Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons (ASCTS) patient database. ⋯ The additive and logistic EuroSCORE does not accurately predict outcomes in this group of cardiac surgery patients from six Australian institutions. Hence, the use of the EuroSCORE models for risk prediction may not be appropriate in Australia. A model, which accurately predicts outcomes in Australian cardiac surgical patients, is required.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Apr 2006
ReviewIs extreme obesity a risk factor for cardiac surgery? An analysis of patients with a BMI > or = 40.
The increasing prevalence of obesity is a public health concern and perceived as a potential risk factor in open heart surgery. We critically appraised the literature available regarding postoperative complications in obese patients. ⋯ Cardiac surgery can be performed without significant increase in perioperative and 30-day mortality in obese and extremely obese patients. Overall complication rates and LOS in patients with BMI> or =40 is increased and demands attention. We provide evidence that rates of few specific complications increase with extreme obesity. For risk stratification in the setting of an obesity epidemic, we advocate an interdisciplinary approach in obese patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Apr 2006
Optimal pulmonary to systemic blood flow ratio for best hemodynamic status and outcome early after Norwood operation.
Imbalances of pulmonary to systemic blood flow ratio (Q(p)/Q(s)) compounded with inadequate systemic oxygen delivery correlate with mortality after first-stage Norwood palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Mathematical models suggest that maximal systemic oxygen delivery occurs with Q(p)/Q(s) of less than 1. Whether this applies to clinical practice is unclear. This study evaluates the level of Q(p)/Q(s) that correlates with best hemodynamic status in the first 48 postoperative hours. ⋯ Maximum oxygen delivery after Norwood operation occurs at Q(p)/Q(s) of less than 1. However, optimal hemodynamic status and end-organ function and higher survival correlates with Q(p)/Q(s) between 1 and 2. Thus, Q(p)/Q(s) should be targeted at 1.5 for improved course early after first-stage Norwood palliation.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Apr 2006
Are there accurate predictors of long-term vital and functional outcomes in cardiac surgical patients requiring prolonged intensive care?
The decision to maintain intensive treatment in cardiac surgical patients with poor initial outcome is mostly based on individual experience. The risk scoring systems used in cardiac surgery have no prognostic value for individuals. This study aims to assess (a) factors possibly related to poor survival and functional outcomes in cardiac surgery patients requiring prolonged (> or = 5 days) intensive care unit (ICU) treatment, (b) conditions in which treatment withdrawal might be justified, and (c) the patient's perception of the benefits and drawbacks of long intensive treatments. ⋯ This study of cardiac surgical patients requiring > or =5 days of intensive treatment did not identify factors unequivocally justifying early treatment limitation in individuals. It found that 1-year mortality and disability rates can be maintained at a low level in this subset of patients, and that severe suffering in the ICU is infrequent.