European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Feb 2016
Observational StudyContinuous postoperative insulin infusion reduces deep sternal wound infection in patients with diabetes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting using bilateral internal mammary artery grafts: a propensity-matched analysis.
Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI), especially in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), is a major concern after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) grafts. We evaluated the risk of DSWI and other clinical outcomes between continuous insulin infusion therapy (CIT) and insulin sliding scale therapy (IST) in a cohort of DM patients who underwent CABG with BIMA. ⋯ The CIT approach reduced the variability in glucose concentration and resulted in fewer instances of DSWI after CABG with BIMA grafts.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Feb 2016
Extra-anatomic revascularization for preoperative cerebral malperfusion due to distal carotid artery occlusion in acute type A aortic dissection.
Management of patients with acute aortic dissection type A (AADA) and cerebral malperfusion secondary to occlusion or stenosis of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) or right common carotid artery (RCCA) is a significant challenge. The aim of this study is to present our institutional strategy and postoperative results for this high-risk patient cohort. ⋯ Extra-anatomic bypass for LCCA or RCCA occlusion allows for early selective cerebral perfusion during AADA repair, and may reduce the risk of neurological complications in patients with preoperative cerebral malperfusion.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Feb 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyOn-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery among patients with type 2 diabetes in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes trial.
Conclusive evidence is lacking regarding the benefits and risks of performing off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) for patients with diabetes. This study aims to compare clinical outcomes after off-pump and on-pump procedures for patients with diabetes. ⋯ Patients with diabetes had greater risk of major cardiovascular events long-term after off-pump CABG than after on-pump CABG.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Feb 2016
Meta AnalysisSuction on chest drains following lung resection: evidence and practice are not aligned.
A best evidence topic in Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery (2006) looked at application of suction to chest drains following pulmonary lobectomy. After screening 391 papers, the authors analysed six studies (five randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) and found no evidence in favour of postoperative suction in terms of air leak duration, time to chest drain removal or length of stay. Indeed, suction was found to be detrimental in four studies. We sought to determine whether clinical practice is consistent with published evidence by surveying thoracic units nationally and performing a meta-analysis of current best evidence. ⋯ Application of suction to chest drains following non-pneumonectomy lung resection is common practice. Suction has an effect in hastening the removal of air and fluid in clinical experience but a policy of suction after lung resection has not been shown to offer improved clinical outcomes. Clinical practice is not aligned with Level 1a evidence.
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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg · Feb 2016
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyThe TRIBECA study: (TRI)fecta (B)ioprosthesis (E)valuation versus (C)arpentier Magna-Ease in (A)ortic position.
To determine whether the Trifecta bioprosthetic aortic valve produces postoperative haemodynamic results comparable with or better than those of the Magna Ease aortic valve bioprosthesis. ⋯ The haemodynamic performance of the Trifecta bioprosthesis was superior to that of the Magna Ease valve across all conventional prosthesis sizes, with almost no incidence of severe patient-prosthesis mismatch. The long-term follow-up is needed to determine whether these significant haemodynamic differences will persist, and influence clinical outcomes.