European journal of clinical nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Glycaemic control in type II diabetic tube-fed patients with a new enteral formula low in carbohydrates and high in monounsaturated fatty acids: a randomised controlled trial.
To investigate the effects of long-term treatment with a new enteral formula low in carbohydrates and high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), in comparison with a standard formula, on glycaemic control in tube-fed type II diabetic patients. ⋯ This study indicates that in tube-fed insulin-treated type II diabetic patients, the new low-carbohydrate, high MUFA formula results in a more effective glycaemic control than the standard diet, while being comparable in safety.
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To assess relationships between energy, nutrient and food intakes, alcohol consumption, smoking status and body mass index (BMI), and serum concentrations of beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, selenium and zinc. ⋯ Serum antioxidant nutrient concentrations are primarily influenced by sex, age, obesity, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and especially dietary intake of those antioxidant nutrients.
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To characterize malnutrition in a nonspecific group of newly admitted hospital patients. ⋯ Malnutrition is difficult to recognize in a nonspecific hospital population. Patients do not present with unique symptoms indicating malnutrition. To be able to correctly identify all malnourished patients, screening of the nutritional status of all newly admitted patients seems to be necessary.
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To know the prevalence of malnutrition and to validate a nutritional screening protocol (SP) in patients hospitalised in Hospitals representative of inpatients admitted for acute illnesses in Galicia. ⋯ In adult patients admitted for acute illnesses, the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition is high. The risk was related to age and to metabolic stress. The risk of malnutrition in a hospital setting is evaluated appropriately by a simple screening procedure that may contribute to detecting and correcting malnutrition risk.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Bioavailability of folic acid from fortified pasteurised and UHT-treated milk in humans.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether milk fortified with folic acid enhances the folate status of humans and whether the presence of folate-binding proteins (FBP) in pasteurised milk affects the bioavailability of folic acid from fortified milk. In untreated and pasteurised milk, folate occurs bound to FBP, while FBP is (partly) denatured in ultra-high-temperature (UHT)-treated milk. The effect of FBP on folate bioavailability is still unclear. ⋯ Milk fortified to supply an additional 200 microg of folic acid/s substantially increased folate status, and decreased plasma total homocysteine concentrations in young, healthy subjects. Milk is therefore a suitable matrix for fortification to enhance the folate status in humans. No significant effect of endogenous FBP was found on the bioavailability of folic acid from milk.