Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
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Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Oct 2004
Personality disorders in the community: results from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being Part III. Relationships between specific type of personality disorder, Axis 1 mental disorders and physical conditions with disability and health consultations.
The aim of the present study was to examine in a national survey sample the risks of having a specific personality disorder (PD) and associations with gender, of having one or more physical conditions, of having one or more Axis 1 conditions, and of the severity (or degree) of disability. We also examined the association of specific PDs with having sought a consultation for health or mental health problems with a general practitioner (GP), a psychologist, or psychiatrist over the past 12 months. ⋯ The study reports findings from a nationwide survey and, as such, the data are less influenced by the selection and setting bias found in most other studies investigating these variables. The findings of the study do point to some specific PDs, such as borderline PD, being associated with greater Axis 1 psychopathology, disability and mental health consultations than others, such as anankastic PD. It appears that although anankastic PD in itself is associated with more disability than having No PD, it becomes significantly more disabling when it is associated with other comorbid PDs.
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Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Aug 2004
Models of advance directives in mental health care: stakeholder views.
The aim of this study was to examine perceptions of the place of advance directives in mental health care. ⋯ There is a wide range of views in all stakeholder groups about the possible form advance directives should take. Although there is a widespread desire to increase patient involvement in treatment decisions, which advance directives could possibly help to realise, they may also have unwanted consequences for mental health services and individuals.
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Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Mar 2004
Psychological disorder amongst refugee and migrant schoolchildren in London.
Refugee and migrant children are likely to be exposed to many of the risk factors for emotional and behavioural problems. These children form a significant proportion of the school population in London and other inner cities in the UK. However, there are very little epidemiological data available on their mental health. In this study, we aimed to examine the prevalence of psychological problems among refugee and migrant schoolchildren compared to their UK-born peers. ⋯ Almost a quarter of schoolchildren might be described as having a need, with migrant and refugee children showing greater psychological distress on a number of the sub-scales of the SDQ. Language appears to be an important variable associated with distress.
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Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Feb 2004
Comparative StudyAttenders of a university hospital psychiatric emergency service in Belgium - general characteristics and gender differences.
The aim of this study was to provide a clinical and epidemiological profile of patients consulting the psychiatric emergency team (PET) of an emergency service of a Belgian university hospital. ⋯ A PET could overcome the discrepancy between the need of treatment and the effective use of mental health services. Male and female PET patients presented different complaints and were given different axis I diagnoses; they also had different pathways to care.
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Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Feb 2004
Sex differences in risk factors for suicide after attempted suicide-a follow-up study of 1052 suicide attempters.
This study aims to investigate suicide risk factors after attempted suicide and whether and how these risk factors differ between the sexes. ⋯ More attention probably needs to be paid to the importance of gender in assessment of suicide risk and treatment of suicide attempters.