Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
-
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Nov 2016
Global patterns of workplace productivity for people with depression: absenteeism and presenteeism costs across eight diverse countries.
Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Research suggests that by far, the greatest contributor to the overall economic impact of depression is loss in productivity; however, there is very little research on the costs of depression outside of Western high-income countries. Thus, this study examines the impact of depression on workplace productivity across eight diverse countries. ⋯ These findings suggest that the impact of depression in the workplace is considerable across all countries, both in absolute monetary terms and in relation to proportion of country GDP. Overall, depression is an issue deserving much greater attention, regardless of a country's economic development, national income or culture.
-
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Jul 2016
Childhood maltreatment and adulthood domestic and sexual violence victimisation among people with severe mental illness.
To investigate the association between childhood maltreatment and adulthood domestic and sexual violence victimisation among people with severe mental illness (SMI), and to explore this association in terms of gender differences and potential mediators. ⋯ People with severe mental illness have high prevalence of experiences of childhood maltreatment and adulthood domestic and sexual violence victimisation. Childhood maltreatment appears to be an independent risk factor for adulthood victimisation among men and women with SMI.
-
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Jun 2016
Homelessness among a nationally representative sample of US veterans: prevalence, service utilization, and correlates.
To examine the prevalence of lifetime homelessness among veterans and use of Veterans Affairs (VA) homeless services, as well as their association with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. ⋯ Homelessness remains a substantial problem across different generations of veterans. The low reported uptake of VA homeless services suggests there are barriers to care in this population, especially for veterans who live in rural areas. Governmental resources dedicated to veteran homelessness should be supported, and obtaining accurate prevalence estimates are important to tracking progress over time.
-
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · Jun 2016
Homicide-suicide and the role of mental disorder: a national consecutive case series.
There is a lack of robust empirical research examining mental disorder and homicide-suicide. Primary care medical records are seldom used in homicide-suicide research. The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of offenders and victims; determine the prevalence of mental disorder and contact with mental health services and examine adverse events prior to the offence. ⋯ In conclusion, GPs cannot be expected to prevent homicide-suicide directly, but they can reduce risk generally, via the treatment of depression and recognising the risks associated with domestic violence.
-
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol · May 2016
Comparative StudyEthnicity and detention: are Black and minority ethnic (BME) groups disproportionately detained under the Mental Health Act 2007?
There is substantial evidence to suggest that Black and minority ethnic (BME) patients are disproportionately detained under the Mental Health Act (MHA). We examined ethnic differences in patients assessed for detention and explored the effect of ethnicity after controlling for confounders. ⋯ The BME 'disproportionality' in detention rates seems to be due to higher rates of mental illness, greater risk and poorer levels of social support rather than ethnicity per se.