Surgical endoscopy
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Short-term improvements in cognitive function following vertical sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en Y gastric bypass: a direct comparison study.
Cognitive deficits are observed in individuals with obesity. While bariatric surgery can reverse these deficits, it remains unclear whether surgery type differentially influences cognitive outcome. We compared the extent to which vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) ameliorated cognitive impairments associated with obesity. ⋯ This is the first report of cognitive improvements following VSG and the first direct comparison of cognitive improvements following RYGB and VSG. Short-term improvements in specific domains of cognitive function are observed at the beginning of the active weight loss phase following bariatric surgery that persisted to 3 months. The anatomical distinction between the two surgeries and resulting differential metabolic profiles may be responsible for the improvements in attention observed following RYGB but not following VSG.
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Minimal access surgery (MAS) has suggested improvements in clinical outcomes compared to open surgery in several abdominal elective and emergency surgeries. The aims of this study were to compare England with the United States in the utilisation of MAS and mortality from four common abdominal surgical emergencies. ⋯ Minimal access surgery was performed less commonly and in-hospital mortality was increased in England compared to the United States for common abdominal surgical conditions. Therefore, strategies to enhance adoption of MAS in emergency conditions in England need to be optimised and include appropriate patient selection and improved surgeon MAS training.
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Achalasia outcome is primarily defined using the Eckardt score with failure recognized as > 3. However, patients experience many changes after myotomy including new onset GERD, swallowing difficulties, and potential need for additional treatment. We aim to devise a comprehensive assessment tool to demonstrate the extent of patient-reported outcomes, objective changes, and need for re-interventions following myotomy. ⋯ Use of the Eckardt score alone to assess outcomes after achalasia surgery shows outstanding results. Using patient-reported outcomes, objective measurements, re-intervention rates, organized into a report card provides a more comprehensive and informative view.
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Prior studies have demonstrated an increase in gastroesophageal reflux after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). However, it is unknown whether symptom severity varies or if outcomes are surgeon-specific. ⋯ We found that 1/3 of patients had worsening symptoms of reflux after LSG and that severity of symptoms varied. Surgeons with the highest rates of worsening reflux had similar operative experience and complication rates than those with the lowest. Further assessment of operative technique and skill may be informative.
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Revisional bariatric surgery (RBS) constitutes a possible solution for patients who experience an inadequate response following bariatric surgery or significant weight regain following an initial satisfactory response. This paper reports results from the first modified Delphi consensus-building exercise on RBS. ⋯ Experts achieved consensus on a number of aspects of RBS. Though expert opinion can only be regarded as low-quality evidence, the findings of this exercise should help improve the outcomes of RBS while we develop robust evidence to inform future practice.