Gynecologic oncology
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Gynecologic oncology · Dec 2012
Risk of second primary malignancies in women with cervical cancer: a population-based study in Taiwan over a 30-year period.
Studies conducted in Western countries have reported an increased risk for second primary malignancies after cervical cancer. There is little documentation of ethnic differences in this increased risk, and most of the Asian studies are hospital-based studies with small case numbers. ⋯ SIR for second cancers was significantly greater than the general population in cervical cancer patients. A young age at the diagnosis of cervical cancer predicted an increased risk. The second cancers worsened overall survival.
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Gynecologic oncology · Nov 2012
Five-year outcomes of adjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy and intravaginal radiation for stage I-II papillary serous endometrial cancer.
The purpose of this study is to report our single-institution experience with concurrent adjuvant intravaginal radiation (IVRT) and carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy for early stage uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC). ⋯ Concurrent adjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy and IVRT provide excellent outcomes for early stage UPSC. Whether this regimen is superior to pelvic radiation will require confirmation from the ongoing randomized trial.
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Gynecologic oncology · Nov 2012
Comparative Study Clinical TrialEvaluation of HE4, CA125, risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) and risk of malignancy index (RMI) as diagnostic tools of epithelial ovarian cancer in patients with a pelvic mass.
Diagnostic factors are needed to improve the currently used serum CA125 and risk of malignancy index (RMI) in differentiating ovarian cancer (OC) from other pelvic masses, thereby achieving precise and fast referral to a tertiary center and correct selection for further diagnostics. The aim was to evaluate serum Human Epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) for these purposes. ⋯ HE4 and ROMA helps differentiating OC from other pelvic masses, even in early stage OC. ROMA performs equally well as the ultrasound depending RMI and might be valuable as a first line biomarker for selecting high risk patients for referral to a tertiary center and further diagnostics. Further improvements of HE4 and ROMA in differentiating pelvic masses are still needed, especially regarding premenopausal women.
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Gynecologic oncology · Nov 2012
A novel low dose fractionation regimen for adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy in early stage endometrioid endometrial cancer.
To evaluate local control, survival and toxicity in patients with early-stage endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus treated with adjuvant high-dose-rate (HDR) vaginal brachytherapy (VB) alone using a novel low dose regimen. ⋯ Vaginal brachytherapy alone in early-stage endometrial cancer provides excellent results in terms of locoregional control and disease-free survival. The fractionation scheme of 24 Gy in 6 fractions prescribed to the cylinder surface was well-tolerated with minimal late toxicity.
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Gynecologic oncology · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized comparison of near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic tracers for sentinel lymph node mapping of cervical cancer.
Near-infrared fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green (ICG) has recently been introduced as a novel technique for sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in early-stage cervical cancer. Although preclinical research has shown that ICG adsorbed to human serum albumin (ICG:HSA) improves its performance, the need for HSA has not yet been confirmed in cervical cancer patients. The current randomized study aims to determine whether ICG:HSA offers advantages over using ICG alone. ⋯ In conclusion, this double-blind, randomized trial showed no advantage of ICG:HSA over ICG alone for the SLN procedure in early-stage cervical cancer. Further optimization is required to improve the intraoperative detection rate.