Gynecologic oncology
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Gynecologic oncology · Jun 2005
Fifth International Conference on Ovarian Cancer: challenges and opportunities.
This paper provides a summary of the presentations given at the Fifth International Conference on Ovarian Cancer in Houston, Texas on December 1-4, 2004. ⋯ While many challenges remain in the overall management of ovarian carcinoma, the speakers at this conference reviewed the opportunities available to scientists and clinicians to work collaboratively to make advances.
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Gynecologic oncology · May 2005
Intra-abdominal carcinomatosis after prophylactic oophorectomy in women of hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome kindreds associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
Prophylactic surgical removal of the ovaries has been offered for many years as a potential preventative of ovarian cancer in women deemed to be at increased hereditary risk for this disease. Now, it is possible to test for specific mutations of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes that render members of hereditary breast ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome families susceptible to cancer. Widespread intra-abdominal carcinomatosis, which mimics metastatic ovarian serous carcinoma, has been reported following oophorectomy in individuals at increased hereditary risk. This study was undertaken to examine and report particularly the occurrence of intra-abdominal carcinomatosis, as well as other cancers, following prophylactic oophorectomy in patients who carry cancer susceptibility mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 and to assess the cumulative risks for this disease in order to assist in developing appropriate surgical interventions, based on currently available information, and to counsel patients who choose prophylactic surgery, concerning the potential prognosis, thereafter. ⋯ Intra-abdominal carcinomatosis in our series was diagnosed only in BRCA1 mutation carriers. The calculated cumulative risks of developing intra-abdominal carcinomatosis after prophylactic oophorectomy in members of HBOC syndrome families, specifically those who carry deleterious mutations, are well below the estimated risks of ovarian cancer published in the literature for similar patients. Breast cancers, which tended to be small and localized, were the most common malignancy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers after prophylactic oophorectomy.
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Gynecologic oncology · Apr 2005
Acute diarrhea during pelvic irradiation: is small-bowel volume effect different in gynecologic patients with prior abdomen operation or not?
To evaluate volume effect of small bowel for diarrhea during pelvic irradiation in gynecologic patients with or without prior abdomen operation. ⋯ Age and operation can change small-bowel distribution. Prior operation may attenuate diarrhea if irradiated volume of small bowel is small. There is a volume effect in post-operative rather than non-operative patients receiving large-field irradiation. More practical dose-volume evaluation of small bowel may be applied for volume effect in gynecologic patients without prior operation.
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Gynecologic oncology · Apr 2005
Clinical TrialExtended-field radiotherapy and high-dose-rate brachytherapy with concurrent and adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer: a phase I/II study.
The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the toxicity and efficacy of integrating extended-field para-aortic and pelvic external radiation, high-dose-rate intracavity brachytherapy, and concurrent and adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. ⋯ Incorporating HDR brachytherapy into a regimen including concurrent chemotherapy and extended radiation appears safe and effective.
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Gynecologic oncology · Apr 2005
Case ReportsBorderline endometrioid tumor arising in a paratubal cyst: a case report.
Paratubal cysts, generally known as hydatid cysts of Morgagni, are small round cysts attached by a pedicle to the fimbriated end of the tube. The following represents the first reported case of an endometrioid tumor of low malignant potential arising in a paratubal cyst. ⋯ Paratubal cysts are very difficult to diagnose with sonography; therefore, their management should be approached as any other adnexal mass. Laparoscopic surgery is an option in the management of adnexal masses; however, rupture or puncture of masses should be avoided when possible to prevent potential tumor dissemination in the event of a malignancy.