BMJ : British medical journal
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To investigate the association between contemporary combined hormonal contraceptives (including progestogen types in combined preparations and all progestogen-only products) and overall and specific types of ovarian cancer. ⋯ Use of contemporary combined hormonal contraceptives is associated with a reduction in ovarian cancer risk in women of reproductive age-an effect related to duration of use, which diminishes after stopping use. These data suggest no protective effect from progestogen-only products.
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Observational Study
Association between physician US News & World Report medical school ranking and patient outcomes and costs of care: observational study.
To investigate whether the US News & World Report (USNWR) ranking of the medical school a physician attended is associated with patient outcomes and healthcare spending. ⋯ Overall, little or no relation was found between the USNWR ranking of the medical school from which a physician graduated and subsequent patient mortality or readmission rates. Physicians who graduated from highly ranked medical schools had slightly lower spending than graduates of lower ranked schools.
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To investigate whether the association between subjective wellbeing (subjective happiness and life satisfaction) and cardiometabolic health is causal. ⋯ These results suggest that a higher body mass index is associated with a lower subjective wellbeing. A follow-up analysis confirmed this finding, suggesting that the effect in middle aged people could be driven by satisfaction with health. Body mass index is a modifiable determinant, and therefore, this study provides further motivation to tackle the obesity epidemic because of the knock-on effects of higher body mass index on subjective wellbeing.