Magnesium research : official organ of the International Society for the Development of Research on Magnesium
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Does post-cardiac surgery magnesium supplementation improve outcome?
Hypomagnesemia has been linked with increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Since the condition is common after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, the objective of this study was to determine whether magnesium supplementation in the immediate postoperative period may improve outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. This prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in a third-level, cardiac surgery intensive care unit (ICU) at a university hospital. ⋯ Hypomagnesemia was present in 12% of patients on admission to the intensive care unit. The magnesium group had a greater need for pacemaker stimulation. In conclusion, under the conditions of the present study, magnesium supplementation after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass does not favourably affect clinical outcomes.
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Cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia remain an unsolved problem in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In theory, high-dose magnesium sulfate (MgSO(4)) therapy offers vascular and neuroprotective benefits and is therefore currently under evaluation. The intensity of the inflammatory response after SAH is associated with the outcome. ⋯ This was probably due to the small sample size. The results indicate a suppression of inflammatory cytokine release, in particular IL-6, in patients treated with high-dose MgSO(4). These results call for further studies of the effect of Mg(2+) on the inflammatory signaling pathway with regard to delayed cerebral ischemia following SAH.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of magnesium sulphate on desflurane requirement, early recovery and postoperative analgesia in laparascopic cholecystectomy.
we evaluated the effects of magnesium sulphate infusion on anesthetic requirement, early recovery and postoperative analgesia in desflurane-remifentanil-based, balanced anaesthesia. ⋯ perioperative use of magnesium sulphate reduced propofol and desflurane consumption, and the postoperative morphine requirement, while causing a delay in recovery by decreasing the Aldrete score.
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Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) may increase brain venous pressure, which may lead to brain injury. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of IAH on brain venous pressure and brain total and ionised magnesium (tMg and iMg), calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) contents in rats. ⋯ Firstly, increase in IAP elevates JVP. Secondly, raised JVP decreases tMg and iMg. Thirdly, raised JVP increases the Ca and Zn content in the rat brain. Fourthly, IAH leads to changed characteristics of brain ischaemia.
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A growing body of evidence from experimental studies that shows the essential role that magnesium exerts on glucose metabolism has been developed in last years, strongly suggesting that magnesium could plays an important roles in the reduction of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. In the clinical setting, large epidemiological studies show that low dietary magnesium intake is associated with the increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes; however, results from randomized controlled clinical trials that have evaluated the beneficial effects of magnesium supplementation on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity are controversial. In this article we searched (in the electronic databases of Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register up to June 2011) the evidence derived from epidemiological studies and clinical trials, about the relationship between magnesium and type 2 diabetes. The body of evidence from epidemiological studies consistently shows a strong inverse relationship between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of developing T2D; however, results from clinical trials are scarce and controversial.