Phytotherapy research : PTR
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Curcumin is the major constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa). Turmeric has been widely used as a spice in foods and for therapeutic applications such as anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, and antimicrobial activities. Turmeric and curcumin are nonmutagenic and nongenotoxic. ⋯ Turmeric and curcumin are nontoxic for human especially in oral administration. Turmeric and curcumin are also safe in animals. They are nonmutagenic and are safe in pregnancy in animals but more studies in human are needed.
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Nutritional factors have been associated with osteoporosis and fractures. The intake of coffee may increase the risk of fracture whereas the intake of black and green tea is associated with its reduction. Recently, consumption of yerba mate was associated with increased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. ⋯ Moreover, there was no significant difference concerning the serum levels of total calcium, phosphorus, PTH, vitamin D, P1NP, and CTX in the subjects with the history of yerba mate use when compared to controls. Higher serum levels of NOx were found in women who drank the yerba mate infusion. In conclusion, the yerba mate intake is not associated with fracture, and it appears to have a neutral effect on the bone metabolism.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Supplementation with a Polyphenol-Rich Extract, TensLess® , Attenuates Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness and Improves Muscle Recovery from Damages After Eccentric Exercise.
High-intensity exercises are known to provoke delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Delayed onset muscle soreness typically occurs within the first 24 h, peaks between 24 and 72 h, and can last as long as 5-7 days post-exercise. Delayed onset muscle soreness is a multifactorial process involving both mechanical and biochemical components, associated with clinical features that may limit range of motion, and athletes seek for effective recovery strategies to optimize future training sessions. ⋯ Supplementation with TensLess® induced significant decrease in DOMS perception (-33%; p = 0.008) as of the first 24 h; this was significantly correlated with a lowered release of muscle damage-associated biomarkers, namely myoglobin, creatinine, and creatine kinase, for the whole length of the recovery period. Taken together, these positive results clearly indicate that post-exercise supplementation with TensLess® may preserve myocytes and reduce soreness following eccentric exercise-induced damages, and, accordingly, significantly shorten muscle recovery. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Saringosterol, a steroid isolated from Sargassum muticum, a brown edible alga widely distributed on the seashores of southern and eastern Korea, has been shown to exhibit anti-obesity effect. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity activity of saringosterol through various experiments. The inhibitory effect of saringosterol on adipogenesis was evaluated via Oil Red O staining in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. ⋯ In addition, saringosterol significantly inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α in 3T3-L1 cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that saringosterol isolated from S. muticum exhibits anti-obesity effect by inhibiting the expression of adipogenic transcription factors and marker genes and that it may be developed as a drug to suppress adipogenesis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Morin Suppresses Astrocyte Activation and Regulates Cytokine Release in Bone Cancer Pain Rat Models.
As inflammatory and immune responses are involved in pathophysiology of debilitating neuropathic pain, reagents that can modulate these two responses may have therapeutic potential. Morin, derived from the moraceae family of plants, benefits inflammation-related diseases, but its antinociceptive effects on cancer pain remain elusive. In the present study, we investigated antinociceptive effects of morin on bone cancer pain using a rat model, where rats were subject to implantation of Walker 256 mammary gland carcinoma cells into the tibia. ⋯ Furthermore, intrathecal injection of AM630 (an antagonist of cannabinoid receptor 2, CB2 ), but not naloxone (an antagonist of opioid receptors), significantly blocked morin attenuation of behavioral hypersensitivities. Taken together, these results suggest that morin suppresses astrocyte activation and neuro-inflammation induced by bone cancer pain and its antinociceptive effects on bone cancer pain may be associated with activation of CB2 receptors in the spinal cord. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.