Rehabilitation psychology
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Rehabilitation psychology · May 2016
Posttraumatic stress symptoms in intensive care patients: An exploration of associated factors.
To explore demographic, clinical, and psychological factors in intensive care unit (ICU), including self-reported sleep quality and experiences that were associated with posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms 6 months after discharge from hospital. ⋯ Continuing symptoms of PTS were evident in 14% of the cohort. Screening for prevention and treatment of delirium while a patient is in ICU is essential, and psychological screening and follow-up during recovery would therefore also be beneficial for many patients. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Rehabilitation psychology · Feb 2016
ReviewThe unfairness of it all: Exploring the role of injustice appraisals in rehabilitation outcomes.
A fundamental principle of rehabilitation psychology is that individual appraisals of the social and physical environment-including injury itself-have profound consequences for coping and adjustment. When core assumptions of a just and predictable world are violated and accompanied by ostensibly undeserved suffering and loss, perceptions of injustice can arise. Given the role of appraisal processes in adjustment to disability, mounting empirical support, and absence of targeted interventions, the current article considers perceptions of injustice regarding personal injury/disability as a fundamental appraisal affecting rehabilitation outcomes. ⋯ Perceived injustice is a potentially central appraisal process to physical and psychological outcomes in the context of rehabilitation. Research regarding the role of perceived injustice, related constructs, and potential social/environmental modulators of injustice perception is still in its infancy. Guided buy its foundational principles, the field of rehabilitation psychology can broaden and shape inquiry regarding perceived injustice. This article aims to guide future research, offer concepts for key areas of discourse, and consider potential interventions in the rehabilitation psychology domain.
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Rehabilitation psychology · Aug 2015
Perceived injustice after traumatic injury: Associations with pain, psychological distress, and quality of life outcomes 12 months after injury.
There is growing recognition that individuals who experience traumatic injuries perceive themselves as victims of injustice and that elevated levels of perceived injustice are associated with problematic physical and psychological outcomes. To date, research regarding injustice perception and injury outcomes has been restricted to a small number of musculoskeletal pain conditions. No research to date has examined the potential impact of perceived injustice among individuals admitted for trauma care. ⋯ This is the first study to examine perceived injustice in a trauma sample. Results support the presence of injustice perception in this group and its associations with pain and quality of life outcomes. Additional research is suggested to explore the impact of perceived injustice on recovery outcomes among individuals who have sustained traumatic injury.
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Rehabilitation psychology · May 2015
Review Case ReportsRecognizing encephalopathy and delirium in the cardiopulmonary rehabilitation setting.
This article reviews the prevalence, underlying mechanisms, and challenges of treating encephalopathy and delirium in the postsurgical and medically compromised cardiopulmonary patient receiving services on an acute inpatient rehabilitation unit. Additionally, pertinent information is provided on conducting an evaluation to assess for neurocognitive sequelae of the above-mentioned conditions to help achieve better treatment outcomes. ⋯ Encephalopathy and delirium can significantly affect rehabilitation outcomes and, as such, rehabilitation psychologists are encouraged to systematically screen for the presence of delirium and encephalopathy in the cardiopulmonary rehabilitation setting so to enhance treatment efficacy and quality of life in affected individuals.
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Rehabilitation psychology · May 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialA brief cognitive-behavioral intervention for sleep in individuals with chronic noncancer pain: A randomized controlled trial.
Chronic pain has a significant negative impact on the quality of life, including sleep disruption. There is compelling evidence that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be effective in treating sleep disorders. To our knowledge, no research has been carried out on brief cognitive-behavioral educational interventions in individuals with chronic pain. This study was conducted to determine whether a brief education session that incorporates sleep hygiene and cognitive-behavioral strategies would help improve the sleep of individuals with chronic pain. ⋯ Our findings suggest that there is potential for a brief educational intervention to have a positive impact on some aspects of sleep in the chronic pain population.