Journal of internal medicine
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Hyperlactataemia due to thiamine deficiency has so far only been reported in the setting of full-blown cardiovascular beriberi with congestive heart failure and systemic vasodilatation. Poor tissue oxygenation and impaired lactate clearance by the liver are generally accepted as underlying causes of the elevated lactate levels. ⋯ The hypothesis will be presented that the concomitant presence of alcoholic ketoacidosis has prevented haemodynamic deterioration. Putative mechanisms that could explain such an effect are discussed in detail, with special reference to the role of acetyl-CoA and adenosine.
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Hyaluronan is a polysaccharide found in all tissues and body fluids of vertebrates as well as in some bacteria. It is a linear polymer of exceptional molecular weight, especially abundant in loose connective tissue. Hyaluronan is synthesized in the cellular plasma membrane. ⋯ In animals and man, the half-life of hyaluronan in tissues ranges from less than 1 to several days. It is catabolized by receptor-mediated endocytosis and lysosomal degradation either locally or after transport by lymph to lymph nodes which degrade much of it. The remainder enters the general circulation and is removed from blood, with a half-life of 2-5 min, mainly by the endothelial cells of the liver sinuoids.
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To analyse the ethical implications of informing patients about their do-not-resuscitate status (DNR). ⋯ Many physicians are still reluctant to find out what the patient wants. Being ignorant they risk harming the patient. It is recommended that information about DNR status should be given incrementally and that the attitudes of the old and chronically ill in-hospital patients are studied. Do they want to be informed, and if so, how and when do they want it to be done?
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Microcirculation represents the smallest functional unit of the cardiovascular system, where the interaction between blood and tissue creates the environment necessary for cell function. Analysis of physiology and pathophysiology of this system gives a unique perspective to the disease process, and provides the link between clinical and molecular medicine. The present status and future directions of this medical and scientific frontier were assessed and projected by experts in the field at a meeting in Italy in 1995, and the conclusions are presented in this article.
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To review long-term prophylactic factor treatment in young patients with severe haemophilia A and B, focusing on the orthopaedic and radiological outcome. ⋯ There is a growing international consensus haemophilic arthropathy can be prevented by administering early high-dose prophylaxis. The results of the present investigation strongly support this opinion.