Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Effects of double administration of nicardipine of the cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation in hypertensive patients.
The efficacy of intravenous nicardipine in attenuating the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation was studied in 20 hypertensive patients. Ten patients received intravenous 1 mg of nicardipine 1 min before induction (N1 group). ⋯ In the N2 group, arterial pressure did not increase but heart rate increased more than that in N1 group. There was no significant difference in rate pressure product between the two groups.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Comparison of bupivacaine and fentanyl as an adjuvant of epidural morphine for postoperative analgesia.
We conducted a retrospective study to determine whether bupivacaine or fentanyl is a better adjuvant to epidural morphine for postoperative analgesia using 108 patients. Following epidural lidocaine anesthesia with or without light general anesthesia for major gynecological surgeries, 59 patients received epidural morphine (EPM) 2 mg (group M), 21 patients received morphine 2 mg plus 0.25% plain bupivacaine 6-10 ml epidurally (group B), and 28 patients received morphine 2 mg plus fentanyl 100 μg epidurally (group F). ⋯ The incidence of adverse effects was similar among all three groups. In conclusion, fentanyl appears to be a better adjuvant to epidural morphine than bupivacaine.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Administration of MgSO4 failed to improve the neurological recovery after complete global brain ischemia in dogs.
The cerebral protective effects of MgSO4 after complete global brain ischemia were evaluated with EEG, evoked potentials (EP) and the neurological recovery score (NRS) in the dog. Complete global brain ischemia for 15 min was achieved by occluding the ascending aorta and the caval veins. The MgSO4 group (N=7) were injected with a 10% MgSO4 solution and the control group (N=7) were administered a normal saline intravenously from the beginning of the resuscitation to 48 h after ischemia. ⋯ The NRSs (0=death, 100=normal) in the control group and the MgSO4 group were 50±3 (n=7) and 43±9 (n=7) on the 3rd day after ischemia, and were 56±5 (n=5) and 42±12 (n=5) on the 7th day. The differences between the two groups were not significant. We conclude that MgSO4 administered after ischemia has no beneficial effects on the recovery of EEG, EP and the NRS after 15 min of complete global brain ischemia in the dog.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Effects of vasodilators on fibrin-induced pulmonary edema, so-called neurogenic pulmonary edema, in the rat.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of vasodilators on the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema was induced by injecting fibrinogen and thrombin into the cisterna magna of vagotomized rats (fibrin-induced pulmonary edema). Before the intrathecal injections, rats were pretreated with intravenous injection of one of the following vasodilators: phentolamine, isoproterenol, nifedipine, diltiazem, isosorbide dinitrate, or substance P. ⋯ Treatment with nifedipine or diltiazem, however, diminished the blood pressure but provided less protection against the development of pulmonary edema. The blood volume in edema-positive lungs was minimally different from that in edema-negative lungs. These results suggest that the neurogenic pulmonary edema may be effectively prevented by most vasodilators except Ca++-blockers.