Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Intrathecal phentolamine increases blood flow and skin temperature in the hind limbs of dogs.
Spinal anesthesia with local anesthetics increases blood flow and skin temperature in the lower extremities. Although the effect of α2 adrenoceptor agonists on the spinal cord has been confirmed, there has been no such report of the effects of α-adrenoceptor antagonists. We studied the effects of intrathecal administration of phentolamine on the blood flow in the femoral artery and skin temperature in the hind limbs of seven dogs. ⋯ High pad skin temperature continued for 60 min in the L group and for 90 min in the P group. With phentolamine i.v. (1 mg), there were no changes in blood flow in the femoral artery or pad skin temperature; there was only a decrease in blood pressure. In conclusion, the intrathecal α-adrenoceptor antagonist, phentolamine, increases blood flow in the femoral artery and pad skin temperature in hind limbs in dogs similar to lidocaine.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Textbook of anesthesia on electronic media: trial version as a free software.
The author has compiled a textbook of anesthesia on a floppy diskette and has made it available as free software. It is called "KSAP", which stands for "Knowledge Source for Anesthesia Practice". He aims to create a new form of textbook that is appropriate for current technology. ⋯ The entire book consists of approximately 500 text files, all of which were written by this author. All that is required to use this textbook is an MS-DOS computer and software which reads ASCII text files. Individual files are all simple text files.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Single-breath induction of anesthesia: comparison of enflurane and sevoflurane.
In this study induction of anesthesia using the single-breath technique with either enflurane or sevoflurane in oxygen was compared. Each group consisted of 16 unpremedicated volunteers who breathed approximately 1.7 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) equivalents of either vapor. There were no significant differences in the cardiovascular and respiratory variables monitored. ⋯ The enflurane group was associated with significantly more problems during induction, and showed moderate or sometimes severe excitatory movements of the extremities and/or coughing. Subjects in the enflurane group described the induction of anesthesia as less pleasant than in the sevoflurane group. We concluded that enflurane was less suitable for single-breath induction of anesthesia compared with sevoflurane.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Effects of combined intravenous nicardipine and diltiazem administration on the circulatory response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.
To evaluate the effect of combined intravenous administration of the calcium antagonists, nicardipine and diltiazem, on the circulatory responses to tracheal intubation, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and rate pressure product (RPP) in response to laryngoscopy following tracheal intubation were compared in patients receiving saline placebo or nicardipine 10 μg·kg-1 and diltiazem 0.1 mg·kg-1 60 s before the initiation of laryngoscopy. Each group was comprised of ten patients undergoing elective surgery. The patients receiving saline showed a significant increase in MAP and RPP associated with tracheal intubation. However, these increases were significantly attenuated (P<0.05) in the patients to whom nicardipine and diltiazem were administered concurrently.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 1994
Differential effects of vecuronium on the thumb and the big toe muscles evaluated by acceleration measurement.
To clarify the differential effects of vecuronium on the thumb and on the big toe, train-of-four (TOF) stimuli were applied to the ulnar nerve at the wrist and the tibial nerve at the ankle in anesthetized patients using two acceleration transducers. Ten adult patients, aged 21-55 years, were studied. Anesthesia was induced by an intravenous injection of thiopental, and vecuronium 0.1 mg·kg-1 was used for paralysis. ⋯ The duration of time to the maximal twitch depression on the thumb and the big toe was 136.5±32.5 s and 183.0±40.1 s (P<0.05), respectively. The time to 25% recovery of the twitch height on the thumb and the big toe was 48.1±17.3 min and 39.1±11.6 min, respectively; the time to 50% recovery of twitch height on the thumb and the big toe was 54.1±16.1 min and 40.0±9.2 min (P<0.05), respectively. When paralysis was reversed at 25% of TOF ratio on the thumb, the value of the TOF ratio on the big toe was 58.5±18.2% (P<0.01).