Journal of anesthesia
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Because it is still in its clinical infancy, it is difficult to predict with confidence exactly what role remifentanil will ultimately play in the delivery of anesthesia (and in other settings). It is clear, however, that remifentanil is a new pharmacologic tool with exciting potential that was not possible with the longer-acting opioids. On the basis of its familiar, fentanyl-like pharmacodynamic behavior and its short-acting pharmacokinetic profile, remifentanil may well be advantageous in a variety of settings in which profound opioid effect with subsequent rapid return of spontaneous ventilation and consciousness is desirable. Ongoing research and wide-spread clinical use will be required before the theoretical advantages associated with a short-acting opioid can be fully explored and confirmed.
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The aim of this study was to compare the effect of low-flow anesthesia with or without a heat and moisture exchanger with high-flow anesthesia on airway gas humidification in children. ⋯ Low-flow anesthesia is less effective in providing adequate humidification of inspired gas than low-flow anesthesia with a heat and moisture exchanger, but significantly better than high-flow anesthesia in children.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 1998
Comparison of respiratory sparing effect between pancuronium and three new nondepolarizing muscle relaxants in rats.
There is a large difference in sensitivity between respiratory muscles and other limb muscles. This phenomenon, known as the respiratory sparing effect (RSE), is well established withd-tubocurarine, pancuronium, and succinylcholine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the RSE of these new relaxants, vecuronium, pipecuronium, and ORG9426. ⋯ The results indicated that the blockade produced by each muscle relaxant was lower in the diaphragm than in the anterior tibialis muscle. T-D was significantly smaller with vecuronium or ORG9426 than with pancuronium.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 1998
Objective assessment of CNS function within 6 hours of spinal cord ischemia in rabbits.
To develop a neurologic scoring (NS) system to objectively assess CNS function shortly after spinal cord ischemia. ⋯ Protection of the spinal cord from ischemia can be objectively quantitated by our system. Protection strategies can be compared within 6 h of the ischemia-insult.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 1998
Respiratory and cardiovascular effects of fentanyl during propofol-induced sedation under spinal anesthesia.
To determine whether fentanyl augments respiratory and cardiovascular problems during propofol-induced sedation, we investigated the effects of propofol and fentanyl on respiratory and hemodynamic profiles in 30 female patients under spinal anesthesia, administering oxygen via face mask. ⋯ The combination of fentanyl and propofol augmented the risks of respiratory depression and apnea compared with the use of fentanyl or propofol alone.