Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Changes in plasma total and ionized magnesium concentrations and factors affecting magnesium concentrations during cardiac surgery.
The purpose of this study was to measure blood total and ionized magnesium concentrations ([TMg] and [Mg(2+)], respectively) and to investigate factors that might be affecting their changes during cardiac surgery using hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Eight patients were examined. All the patients received diuretics and predeposited autologous blood during surgery. ⋯ Hematocrit decreased significantly from the prebypass period, and FEMg increased significantly after aortic cross-clamping. In conclusion, hemodilution and renal loss were main causes of hypomagnesemia, and citrate in predeposited autologous blood may contribute to the decrease in [Mg(2+)]/[TMg] in the postbypass period. These results suggest that magnesium supplementation under close monitoring of [Mg(2+)] should be required during cardiac surgery.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison between a disposable and an electronic PCA device for labor epidural analgesia.
The aims of the present study were (1) to investigate if a disposable patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device can be used for labor analgesia and (2) to evaluate the device by midwives and parturients. ⋯ The present results imply that the disposable PCA device can be an alternative to the electronic PCA device for labor analgesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of postoperative sore throat after use of laryngeal mask airway and tracheal tube.
We compared the degree of postoperative sore throat (PST) after use of a laryngeal mask airway (LMA; by two insertion techniques) and a tracheal tube (TT) in adult patients. ⋯ In the conditions of our study, LMAs inserted with the cuff either fully inflated or deflated worsened PST compared with TTs.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIsoflurane increases, but sevoflurane decreases blood concentrations of melatonin in women.
The blood concentrations of melatonin are elevated by stress-induced sympathetic nerve excitation and are affected by some anesthetics. Isoflurane has an effect to increase sympathetic nerve activity when compared with sevoflurane. This study was performed to investigate the effects of these two anesthetics on the blood concentrations of melatonin. ⋯ We obtained blood samples before and 5 min after 5% isoflurane (ISO group) or 7% sevoflurane (SEV group) anesthesia. The blood melatonin concentrations during anesthesia in the ISO group increased significantly, from 65 +/- 60 to 170 +/- 90 pg x ml(-l); mean +/- SD ( P < 0.05), whereas those in the SEV group decreased, from 60 +/- 50 to 30 +/- 30 pg x ml(-l) ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, isoflurane increases, but sevoflurane decreases blood melatonin concentrations.