Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of oral atenolol on volatile anesthetic induction with sevoflurane in adults.
To determine whether premedication with a beta-blocker can bring about a more rapid and smooth induction of anesthesia, we investigated the effect of oral premedication with atenolol on volatile anesthetic induction with sevoflurane by monitoring the cardiac output (CO) and bispectral (BIS) index. ⋯ Oral premedication with 25 mg of atenolol provides a more rapid decrease in BIS index and is recommended for use in stable volatile anesthetic induction with sevoflurane.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialVolatile induction and maintenance of anesthesia using laryngeal mask airway in pediatric patients.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Changes in respiratory pattern during continuous positive airway pressure in infants after cardiac surgery.
Spontaneous breathing trials are commonly used in adults to enable smooth weaning from mechanical ventilation. However, few investigations have examined spontaneous breathing tests in infants. We investigated how respiratory patterns of infants changed during continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and whether successful extubation followed CPAP. ⋯ After cardiac surgery, when infants recovered stable hemodynamics and spontaneous breathing, the ventilatory pattern and hemodynamics became stable after 10 min of CPAP. Ninety-two percent of the patients were successfully extubated following a 30-min CPAP trial.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Duration of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block can be predicted by change of skin temperature over the thenar muscles.
The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between skin temperature over the thenar muscles and the duration of action of vecuronium measured acceleromyographically at the thumb in anesthetized patients. ⋯ Our results show that peripheral ST decreases considerably during open abdominal surgery without reduction in core temperature, and the decrease contributes to the potentiation of neuromuscular block in the periphery during propofol, fentanyl, and nitrous oxide anesthesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Naloxone reversal of opioid anesthesia revisited: clinical evaluation and plasma concentration analysis of continuous naloxone infusion after anesthesia with high-dose fentanyl.
In spite of several advantages, the need for postoperative ventilatory support limits the use of high-dose opioid anesthesia. We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of naloxone infusion for the reversal of high-dose fentanyl anesthesia. ⋯ The results suggest that naloxone infusion with individual dose titration facilitates the use of high-dose opioid anesthesia, maintaining the advantager of this anesthesia.