Journal of anesthesia
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEfficacy of prophylactic intravenous granisetron in postoperative emesis in adults.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy, safety, and optimal dose of granisetron in the prophylactic control of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery or cholecystectomy. ⋯ Granisetron is well-tolerated and more effective than placebo in the prophylactic control of nausea and vomiting after surgery. This study suggests that the optimum dose of granisetron is 1 mg.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialRopivacaine produces sensory blockade in the lumbar sacral region more frequently than mepivacaine in lower thoracic epidural anesthesia.
The first sacral nerve has the largest diameter among the spinal nerves and is resistant to local anesthetics. Ropivacaine is a newly developed local anesthetic. There is a possibility that a difference in chemical properties between ropivacaine and other local anesthetics produces a difference in the blockade of the S1 dermatome by lower thoracic epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine, 2%, is frequently used for epidural anesthesia and produces a level of blockade similar to that of bupivacaine, 0.5%. The purpose of this study was to examine the sensory blockade in the sacral region induced by ropivacaine with that induced by mepivacaine administered in the lower thoracic epidural space. ⋯ Ropivacaine, 1%, administered in the lower thoracic epidural space, induces sensory blockade to cold and pinprick in the S1 dermatome more frequently than 2% mepivacaine.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAddition of epinephrine to intrathecal tetracaine augments depression of the bispectral index during intraoperative propofol sedation.
Epinephrine added to local anesthetic agents for spinal anesthesia is frequently used to prolong the duration of anesthesia. Epinephrine stimulates the alpha-adrenoceptor, and it is known that the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists have a central inhibitory effect. We investigated the effect of intrathecal epinephrine during propofol sedation with spinal anesthesia, using a bispectral index (BIS) monitor. ⋯ Intrathecal epinephrine augments the sedative effect of propofol during spinal anesthesia.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSafety and beneficial effect on body core temperature of a prewarmed plasma substitute--hydroxyethyl starch--during anesthesia.
We investigated, first, the safety of use and stability of a plasma substitute-hydroxyethyl starch (HES)-kept in a warming cabinet for a long period, and then the effect on body core temperature of the prewarmed HES in patients during urological surgery. ⋯ The use of HES products kept in a warming cabinet prior to surgery can maintain warm body temperature, easily, safely, and effectively.