Journal of anesthesia
-
Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2011
Acute kidney injury during aortic arch surgery under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.
The aim of this investigation was to describe the renal outcome and to identify risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI), as defined by the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN), during aortic arch surgery (AAS) under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). ⋯ A high incidence of AKI during AAS under DHCA was confirmed. Because AKI is highly associated with aortic surgery, novel approaches for protecting the kidneys other than deep hypothermia are needed. The logistic regression model identified HT, emergency surgery, and duration of DHCA as independent risk factors for AKI.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2011
The effect of intrathecal mu, delta, kappa, and alpha-2 agonists on thermal hyperalgesia induced by mild burn on hind paw in rats.
Mild cutaneous thermal injury, leading to a first-degree burn, induces a sensation of burning pain and enhances the pain sensitivity of the skin. Opioid and α(2) receptor agonists are commonly used to reduce such hyperalgesia. We investigated conditions that induced adequate thermal hyperalgesia in rats and compared the effects of μ, δ, κ, and α(2) receptors at the level of the spinal cord in this model. ⋯ Based on these findings, we could find adequate conditions for thermal hyperalgesia model. In this experimental model, μ, δ, and α(2) receptor agonists produced antinociceptive effects at the level of the spinal cord, but the κ receptor agonist did not.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2011
Calcium-induced calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum can be evaluated with a half-logistic function model in aequorin-injected cardiac muscles.
Release of calcium (Ca(2+)) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) induced by Ca(2+) influx through voltage-dependent sarcolemmal L-type Ca(2+) channels (CICR) in cardiac muscle cells has been implicated as a potential target contributing to anesthetic-induced myocardial depression. In an earlier study, we found that (1) a half-logistic (h-L) function, which represents a half-curve of a sigmoid logistic function with a boundary at the inflection point, curve-fits the first half of the ascending phases of the isometric myocardial tension and isovolumic left ventricular (LV) pressure waveforms better than a mono-exponential (m-E) function and (2) the h-L time constants are useful as inotropic indices. We report here our investigation of the potential application of an h-L function to the analysis of the first half of the ascending phase of the Ca(2+) transient curve (faCaT) that precedes and initiates myocardial contraction and the increase in LV pressure. ⋯ The h-L curves tracked the amplitudes and time courses of the faCaTs in cardiac muscles more accurately than m-E functions. Based on this result, we suggest that the h-L time constant may be a more reliable index than the m-E time constant for evaluating the rate of CICR from the SR in myocardial Ca(2+) handling. The h-L approach may provide a more useful model for the study of CICR during the contraction process induced by anesthetic agents.