Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2019
Morphine inhibits cell viability and growth via suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor in human oral cancer HSC-3 cells.
Although many oral cancer patients require opioids, the effects of morphine and related drugs on oral cancer progression have not been well established. Thus, we examined the effects of morphine exposure on the viability of human oral squamous carcinoma HSC-3 cells and aimed to identify the underlying mechanism. ⋯ Our results suggest that in human oral cancer HSC-3 cells, morphine exposure inhibits cell viability and growth via suppression of VEGF in clinical conditions.