Journal of anesthesia
-
Journal of anesthesia · Apr 1990
Comparative study of intravenous administration of Ringer's lactate, Ringer's acetate and 5% glucose containing these Ringer's solutions in human being.
The effects of the administration of Ringer's lactate (L) and Ringer's acetate (A) solution on blood biochemistry in human subjects operated for tympanoplasty under general anesthesia were investigated. And the feasibilities of the clinical use of Ringer's lactate (LD) and Ringer's acetate (AD) solution containing 5% glucose were also assessed. In all cases the rate of infusion was 500 ml for initial 20 min, and then 5 ml.hr(-1).kg(-1) B. ⋯ In both LD and AD group, the higher blood concentrations of lactate, pyruvate, acetate and glucose were found than in L and A group. Urinary excretions of these metabolites were much higher in LD and AD group than in L and A group. So glucose containing Ringer's lactate or acetate solutions should be administered in appropriate amounts and rate not to induce clinically significant metabolic alterations.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Apr 1990
Enflurane reduces the excitation and inhibition of dorsal horn WDR neuronal activity induced by BK injection in spinal cats.
The effects of enflurane (0.5%, 1.5% and 2.5%) on the excitation and inhibition of dorsal horn wide dynamic range (WDR) neuronal activity induced by bradykinin (BK) injection was studied in spinal cats. Extracellular activity was recorded in the dorsal horn from single WDR neurons responding to noxious and non-noxious stimuli applied to the cutaneous receptive fields on the left hind paw foot pads of decerebrate, spinal cord transected (L(1-2)) cats. When 10 microg of BK was injected into the femoral artery ipsilateral to the recording site as the noxious test stimulus, 24 of 26 WDR neurons (92%) gave excitatory responses and 2 (8%) gave inhibitory responses. ⋯ However, the inhibitory neuronal activity in WDR neurons was significantly depressed by 0.5%, 1.5% and 2.5% enflurane. We have found that enflurane reduces the excitation as well as the inhibition of dorsal horn WDR neuronal activity induced by BK injection. These results suggest that the reduction of excitatory and inhibitory responses produced by noxious stimulation is likely to be the fundamental basis of the enflurane-induced anesthetic state in terms of WDR neurons.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 1990
The effects of ulinastatin on cardiac and hepatic energy metabolism in rats subjected to hypovolemic shock.
Ulinastatin is a trypsin inhibitor extracted from human urine. In this study the effects of ulinastatin on myocardial and hepatic tissue concentrations of creatine phosphate (CP), ATP, ADP, AMP, lactate, pyruvate, and glycogen have been investigated in rats which were in hemorrhagic shock state. Hypovolemia was induced by bleeding from the femoral artery, and systolic blood pressure was maintained 40 mmHg for 25 min, then ulinastatin 50,000 units.kg(-1) in saline or saline vehicle was intravenously administered. ⋯ The myocardial tissue CP level was higher in ulinastatin-treated group than that of control group, whereas no significant difference in energy charge between two groups. The hepatic tissue level of AMP, lactate and L/P ratio was lower in ulinastatin-treated group than that of control group, however, no significant difference was found in hepatic tissue level of ATP, ADP and energy charge. From these results it is concluded that ulinastatin can improve the energy metabolism of myocardium to some extent, but not of the liver in rats with hypovolemic shock.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1989
Effects of various catecholamines on high-energy phosphates of rat liver and brain during hemorrhagic shock measured by 31P-NMR spectroscopy.
The effects of dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine on energy metabolism as well as intracellular pH in rat liver and brain during hemorrhagic shock were examined by in vivo 31P-NMR spectroscopy. The hemorrhagic shock was induced by arterial bleeding to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 30-40 mmHg. Upon the induction of hemorrhagic shock, there was a dramatic fall in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and a rise in inorganic phosphate (Pi) in the liver. ⋯ After infusion of the above catechollamines following 10 min of hemorrhagic shock, MAP increased to 90-100% of its control value. Only dopamine improved hepatic energy metabolism, whereas brain energy metabolism was not affected by any of them. This suggests that dopamine protects liver function during hemorrhagic shock without affecting brain energy metabolism.