Annals of medicine
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Recent prevalence and trends of gastric/duodenal ulcer (GU/DU) and reflux esophagitis (RE) are inadequate. ⋯ The prevalence of GU and DU has gradually decreased whereas that of RE has markedly increased in Japan. Inverse time trends of peptic ulcer and reflux esophagitis are significantly associated with reduced prevalence of HP infection. KEY MESSAGES The prevalence of gastric and duodenal ulcer has gradually decreased whereas that of reflux esophagitis has markedly increased in Japan. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan has greatly decreased from 49.8% to 31.2% during the 14 years (from 1996 to 2010). Inverse time trends of peptic ulcer and reflux esophagitis are associated with reduced prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection with statistical significance.
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Observational Study
Handgrip strength improves prediction of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.
We aimed to determine whether handgrip strength (HGS)improves type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk prediction beyond conventional risk factors. ⋯ Adding measurements of HGS to conventional risk factors might improve T2D risk assessment, especially in women. Further evaluation is needed in larger studies. KEY MESSAGES Handgrip strength (HGS) is independently associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but its utility in classifying or predicting T2D risk has not been explored. In this prospective cohort study of older Caucasian men and women, adding measurements of HGS to conventional risk factors improved T2D risk assessment, especially in women. Assessment of HGS is simple and inexpensive and could prove a valuable clinical tool in the early identification of people at high risk of future T2D.
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Observational Study
Title: Cytomegalovirus antibody levels and mortality among hospitalized elderly patients.
The impact of cytomegalovirus infection in elderly subjects remains unclear. This study examined the relationship between humoral immune response to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and all-cause mortality in a cohort of elderly hospitalised patients. ⋯ Increased IgG antibody levels against CMV are associated with increased short and long-term mortality in elderly hospitalised patients, especially in patients without cardiovascular disease. Key Messages The outcome of elderly hospitalised patients in relation to CMV is unknown. We demonstrate an association between increased anti-CMV IgG levels and mortality. This association is greater in elderly patients without cardiovascular disease.