Annals of medicine
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The diagnosis of an aetiology is dependent on the collection, transport, and storage of the infectious sample. The transport of the sample plays a crucial role in the chain of diagnosis. It is important to maintain the biological integrity of the pathogen during the transport of the sample to achieve an accurate diagnosis. ⋯ Many transport media have been utilised to ensure the integrity of the virus during transport. While most of the transport media are focused on preserving the infectious properties of the virus, progress has been made to develop virus transport media to inactivate the virus and obtain the stability of the viral nucleic acid, enabling better molecular diagnosis of the virus aetiologies. This review summarises the various media used for the transport of virus samples and focuses on the need to develop virus transport media that inactivates the virus and preserves the viral nucleic acid.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of high-frequency oscillation on reduction of atelectasis in perioperative patients: a prospective randomized controlled study.
Atelectasis affects approximately 90% of anaesthetized patients, with laparoscopic surgery and pneumoperitoneum reported to exacerbate this condition. High-frequency oscillation therapy applies continuous positive pressure pulses to oscillate the airway, creating a pressure difference in small airways obstructed by secretions. This process helps reduce peak airway pressure, open small airways, and decrease atelectasis incidence, while also facilitating respiratory tract clearance. This study examines the efficacy of high-frequency oscillation on reduction of atelectasis in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) patients under general anaesthesia, evaluated using lung ultrasound. ⋯ Our study indicates that high-frequency oscillation effectively reduces atelectasis in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Additionally, it can mitigate the decline in oxygen partial pressure associated with atelectasis.
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Introduction: Military soldiers comprised 1,195 million United States active-duty members and 778,000 reserve members in 9/2021. Soldiers are often exposed to drastic climates, environments, and living conditions which may make them more susceptible to cutaneous diseases. Methods: A PubMed search of studies published between 1/1/2002 - 8/30/2022, using MeSH terms: ((("Military Personnel"[Majr]) OR "Military Hygiene"[Majr])) OR "Military Medicine"[Majr]) AND "Skin Diseases"[Majr]), the reference lists of select articles, and other applicable sources were reviewed to identify articles on skin conditions affecting military soldiers and treatment options. ⋯ Conclusion: Dermatological conditions can considerably impact soldiers' wellbeing and military performance, often lead to evacuation of military personnel, and are associated with high financial costs. Cutaneous disease is one of most common reasons for soldiers to seek medical care and may cause significant morbidity. Serving in the military often impacts and limits treatment options.
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Meta Analysis
Gut microbiota changes in animal models of spinal cord injury: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis.
An increasing number of studies show that the intestinal flora is closely related to spinal cord injury. Many researchers are exploring the changes in the richness, diversity, and evenness of intestinal flora in spinal cord injury animal models to identify the characteristic bacteria. ⋯ Our meta-analysis suggested that the gut microbiota in the spinal cord injury animal model group was altered compared with that in the control group, with varying degrees of changes in richness and evenness and potentially pathogenic characteristic flora. More rigorous methodological studies are needed because of the high heterogeneity and limited sample size. Further research is needed to clinically apply intestinal microbiota and potentially guide fecal microbiota transplantation therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Erector spinae plane block versus caudal block for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair: a randomized controlled trial.
Erector spinae plane block is a promising strategy for pain management in some settings. However, the effectiveness of erector spinae plane block versus caudal block in pediatric inguinal hernia repair has yet to be formally investigated. ⋯ Erector spinae plane block provided superior postoperative analgesia compared to caudal block in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; ChiCTR2100048303.