Annals of medicine
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Review
Comprehensive review on the pathogenesis of hypertriglyceridaemia-associated acute pancreatitis.
It is well known, that the inflammatory process that characterizes acute pancreatitis (AP) can lead to both pancreatic damage and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). During the last 20 years, there has been a growing incidence of episodes of acute pancreatitis associated with hypertriglyceridaemia (HTAP). ⋯ The article comprehensively discusses the various pathological roles of free fatty acid, inflammatory response mechanisms, the involvement of microcirculation, serum calcium overload, oxidative stress and the endoplasmic reticulum, genetic polymorphism, and gut microbiota, which are known to trigger or escalate this condition. Future perspectives on HTAP appear promising, with ongoing research focused on developing more specific and effective treatment strategies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of forsythin in healthy subjects: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled single-dose and multiple-dose escalation and food effect study.
Forsythin, an active compound from Forsythiae Fructus, has the potential to treat the common cold and influenza through its antipyretic-analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. The safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of forsythin were evaluated in healthy Chinese subjects. ⋯ The safety and PK profiles of forsythin support further evaluation of its efficacy in individuals with the common cold or influenza.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Modified anterior approach versus traditional posterior approach for ultrasound-guided superior laryngeal nerve block in awake endotracheal intubation: a randomized non-inferiority clinical trial.
This study was undertaken to compare the effect of the modified ultrasound-guided anterior superior laryngeal nerve block (SLNB) with the traditional ultrasound-guided posterior SLNB in providing intubation conditions during awake tracheal intubation (ATI) in patients without difficult airway. ⋯ Among adults without difficult airways during videolaryngoscope-assisted ATI, the modified ultrasound-guided anterior SLNB, compared to the traditional posterior approach, showed a statistically non-inferior effect in terms of providing AIC.
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Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by diffuse hepatic steatosis and has quickly risen to become the most prevalent chronic liver disease. Its incidence is increasing yearly, but the pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a major pathogen widely prevalent in periodontitis patients. ⋯ Moreover, it induces systematic changes and systemic abnormalities by disrupting metabolic, inflammatory, and immunologic homeostasis. Conclusion: P. gingivalis-odontogenic infection promotes the occurrence and development of NAFLD. Further concerns are needed to emphasize oral health and maintain good oral hygiene for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Aim: Groove pancreatitis (GP) is a rare type of chronic pancreatitis characterized by varying degrees of thickening and scarring of the duodenal wall, duodenal lumen stenosis, mucosal hypertrophy with plicae and cyst formation. GP is primarily observed in middle-aged male patients with a history of alcohol consumption. Clinical symptoms are usually non-specific, and there is currently no unified diagnostic standard. ⋯ Results: EUS and its derivative technologies are of great significance in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of GP, but there are still limitations that need to be comprehensively applied with other diagnostic methods to obtain the most accurate results. Conclusion: EUS has unique value in both the diagnosis and treatment of GP. Clinicians need to be well-versed in the advantages and limitations of EUS for GP diagnosis to select the most suitable imaging diagnostic method for different cases and to reduce the unnecessary waste of medical resources.